By Arqam 2023-05-14. A leased holding is still considered part of its holder's realm, but provides levies and taxes to its lessee instead, and does not count towards the domain limit of either of them. Assign what buildings are available for this holding type: buildings = { palisades_01 war_camps_01 longhouses_01 market_villages_01} flag: string: Optional flags that are assigned to the holding type: flag. Example, churches have monastry buildings that give piety to realm. Sep 2, 2020. Click on the title you want to view the history of and click the button of a book at the top rightish. After spending an inordinate amount of time looking for a way to do this, I'm going with "no". A different Baron, which is my vassal, holds this title. I am the duchy holder of Apulia, and I own the county of Apulia (my holding). "However when I check my piety tooltip at top it only shows piety from. Who can Raid & Trade?. It’s just that you don’t receive any taxes, levies, or building modifiers from them. jailon_winnings • 3 yr. If both you and some of your courtiers or vassals hold claim to the same title, both will be listed on declare war screen. I think it is correct to say "realm". Holding types in CK3 (as partly opposed to CK2) represents strictly WHO hold given barony, be it nobles, clergy or burghers. 175 Monthly Development Growth per Councilor Skill) * 0. Dukes and Duchesses have more power than Counts and Countesses. Works for the player and the AI, every vanilla faith, every vanilla. 1) You need to have an empty holding slot. From my understanding you have to directly control the proper county. Crusader Kings 3 by Paradox Interactive. r/CrusaderKings. ); scripted effects, which can be used to group commands into re-usable macro. Which was a church holding. And in the end you only need one theocratic temple holding per duchy. Therefore flavor is always linked to a holder. Smiths - which boost Stationed MaA and provides tax % for the holding and grants its holder some knight effectiveness, Levy regain rate and Inspiration quality boosts. And you can pay for one too, the decision comes up randomly, and the precondition is having level three prosperity in the county. Jul 2, 2020. A title is essentially a certificate of land ownership, decreeing which characters own a certain place or a certain organization (e. Locate Auto tooltip delay. Actually, that is how the game maybe should work but does not work like that all the time. CK3 is finally here. Direct Vassal Opinion: -30. You'd assume places like Constantinople and Venice would retain some of that. Most buildings have up to 3 types of effects. when the heir gain everything and died before you then that is another problem. I think it would add a lot of flavours and also making the choice of your personal champion/body guard important. Best. I kind of got the feeling that's how they had done it. You somehow have to gain control of the castle to make it the capital again. This article has been verified for the current version (1. Then immediately invade Thessalonika with mercenaries to capture both the. This is in addition to any Building or Duchy Building slot that the county may. You hold the de jure duchy that contains the county but he wants the duchy. Attention! For the sake of improved compatibility, I decided to revoke the inbuilt compatibility with Ethnicities and Portraits Expanded and Community Flavour Pack. He has 1 holding in the county developed, the temple. You could give the holding to a specific character to make him a tribal vassal who could, then, take the decision "adopt feudal ways through liege". Hi guys so I am rather new to CK, I am really enjoying ck3 however I have one thing I cant figure out what to do. They appear in: command blocks (the immediate and option sections of events, or similar: effect, creation_effect, gain_effect, success,. Hoping in here to try to help— holding the duchy title (what you have all 4 of) counts toward the penalty. Don't know. The two other county holders have the 'liege holds the jure county' penalty. Requires Vehicle Dock mounting kit 805-611-001. Brysis has 6 holding spaces which are mostly plains and is also part of the Thrace duchy, which is one of the best in the game. Unless they also remove the mandatory minimum of one of each holding I doubt this will come into play all that often. If its renown, and you give it to a house member, you get it. With this Elder Scrolls total conversion mod, Crusader Kings 3 becomes a Tamriel dynasty simulator. Then make the castle the county capitol. Not . 2. Crusader Kings. You can get one for free if you have a great work there. 2) Only keep the duchy title of the capital for yourself, and if you hold any counties outside of this duchy, its governing duchy title needs to be destroyed So for point 1, you need to periodically check the succession tab - under "lost titles", it should show each son beyond the firstborn getting exactly 1 duchy title. You have to make the castle holding the county seatto whatever. g. The ruler must have 150 Prestige to pay for the decision. At the bottom we see 5 boxes, 2 with a + sign and 3 without which very much look like they could be slots for buildings, likely the castle can only have two buildings currently. Try starting as Jarl Haesteinn in 867 and take a part of Sardinia to get in range of them. If you click on King Philippe’s portrait, you’ll see that he currently has 4/5 holdings. The biggest and most common example is the HRE, where it has "Princely elective" succession added to the title. While still allowing larger kingdoms to be formed by dukes because they need to hold a large number of duchies to form the kingdom. Revoking a city is a mistake, because the mayor will. Do those cavalry bonuses apply for each hunting ground I build in my domain, or do I only get the effects from one building? So basically only unlanded characters, barons in the same county, or the baron's direct liege (aka the county title holder) can inherit a barony in CK3. In this files paste: Save the file, and rename the extension to '. give them to count vassals, they can feudalize using decision for a low cost of prestige and convert all the buildings to feudal ones. 9 Tours and Tournaments - Added new buildings. 1 for CK3 Version 1. Each County has provinces that can be used to build a Holding. The ruler must follow an organized Faith. Based on this, it is best to focus on upgrading building s in holdings where. Tribal holdings cannot be constructed. The tooltip says to the holder and according to the encyclopedia the lessee is not the holder. You'll always hold the Earldom on your capital, and since you can hold two Dukedoms as King you could also hold the county the capital is based in if you wanted. It is a bit more convenient to have all of your land as de jure yours, and not de jure any bothersome vassals. They appear in: command blocks (the immediate and option sections of events, or similar: effect, creation_effect, gain_effect, success,. 9 comments. It's not a bug at all it's the intended mechanics, it's just kind of ambiguous in the tooltip. this land i took has 2 holdings one is a barony and that seems to be fine and dandy. You can see the progress on the discord. 11705, you can add holding slots to your capital up to the max of 7. This mod is a utility mod which allows to convert any of your existing holdings to what ever holding type you desire: Castle, City. Also it means that university gives 15 lifestyle point per year to the owner (and the owner alone) which seem to be a bit low, with this an university gives you one perk every. This mod allows you to convert holdings to other holding types. Innovation development applies only if your steward's culture knows the following civic innovations: Public Works = 0. Otherwise, I'm waiting 600 months to switch my capital (that or death). Search for the name of your county and then click on it. shastar2005. where the top holding is always a temple. Temples give pretty good levies and money, so if you want a lot of income build those (if you can. This actually means the realm of the holder. Upgrading a tribal holding requires 200 gold and 400 prestige. It's a temple holding in CK3,. Introducing CK3 #07 - Money. Subscribe to downloadConvert Holdings. Martin’s A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy saga, where lords great and small vie for control over the lands of Ice and Fire. Temples are best for gold AND levies due to giving up to 50% tax and 100% levies at +50 court chaplain opinion. Spoiler: Screenshot. If you have land and then feudalize it switches for free. They do, however, count toward your personal domain. 2: Free Features. You need to pay attention when you declare war, over whose claims you do it. . Settlements [edit | edit source]. mod). If you click on King Philippe’s portrait, you’ll see that he currently has 4/5 holdings. Ranger’s huts. . Replacing fields inside a temple is possible, but replacing the temple itself isn't. traviscalladine. Plus, holding more counties lets you have more temple/city vassals directly under you, which give a bit of extra gold and troops. Depending on the title and culture of the character holding the title, the title name can be changed. Holding Manager Lite. Havoc teaches you how to get more money in CK3!. As holy sites change rulers and faiths, they become places of veneration to new faiths, and alienated from their old controllers. Hello and welcome to Dev Diary 85 for Crusader Kings III! This is Areysak, Content Designer (some of you might remember me from Imperator). Each Holding gets a number of building slots with the De Jure County capital receiving four, and everywhere else has three. Each character type has different types of holdings he can effectivly manage. Crusader Kings III is our newest generation of beloved medieval role-playing grand strategy game. Holding Manager Lite has less building management capabilities and is better to be used with other. Click to view the duchy title screen. classteen 4 mo. The option then appears when you select the county capital. Note that none of those effects are being applied to "you" aka the holder. Flavor pack features. Lots of farmland. Each Holding gets a number of building slots with the De Jure County capital receiving four, and everywhere else has three. Some mines give less gold but more dev, and one trades off econ for a significant levy size boost. The main crux is not that you don’t own East Francia, it’s probably because you are already an emperor and thus cannot form the HRE. So CK3 continues to look great and can’t wait to see more. upgrading Holdings were much more of a generational task than in CK3, and not just because of tech. Scopes are used in scripting to select entities in order to check for Triggers or apply Effects . holdings can be either tribes,castles,cities,temples,nomadic holdings. Hunting reserves. The third constant is church holdings, but is not necessarily a guaranteed form of taxes. The only way that I know of that could result in this is that you are granting the titles to mayors. Once there, use the "Provider" dropdown to select "Landed Titles". In tiny realm it is quite powerful because usually country got a mix of holding types. As far as I'm aware, it's not available to be toyed with except for altering the probability of it happening, and the threshold when it can happen (basically there's a percent chance of destroying. A realm is all the land that both you and your vassals controls, it contrasts your domain which is the land that you directly control, specifically the counties you control. Rather than, for example, making sure every holding you have is jungle to stack elephantries, it would be more than viable to hold some jungle holdings for gaining bonuses for a few heavy cavalry regiments, and focus the rest on coast etc for development and income from ports. Probably not since the mechanic to destroy a holding is clearly already in the game. Some county names will be different depending on the start date. Hunting towers. In your tribal holdings, at the bottom near the buildings is a castle icon. I tried to understand how church holdings work with England 1066 start. My latest game has both a Kingdom of Genoa, and a Kingdom of Venice, neither holding their titular county. Allows you to build tall practically anywhere. What’s more, hunting grounds gives light cavalry bonuses to the holder of its holding. Tribal holdings cannot be constructed. There are also several events and characteristics, but these are the least controllable factors when it comes to taxes. I am playing as Robert 'the Fox' of Apulia, and I have just created the Kingdom of Sicily. It is much worse to invest in vassals buildings in CK3 compared to CK2. These kinds of events are the reason why CK3 is utterly immersion breaking. Not of . Modding title history means to make changes about the holder history of landed titles and it's affiliation to a specific liege. Once there, use the "Provider" dropdown to select "Landed Titles". Crusader Kings III. Tribal holdings cannot be constructed. Is they any way to change them/ creat new tribal holdings?Hmm might be. It can be increased by the following:. No, personally holding cities provides no benefit, and there’s no way to change that currently. He is now king of the vast Indian empire and I am a mere holder of 3 kingdoms in India. Its a bit of an oversight that you cant also fight against the holder of the castle holding in that province and take that as well. Then make the castle the county capitol. StrangeNormally I go with any Dockyards I can build on my own castles along with whatever generates the most money (usually in the whole main Duchy, as long as you keep your succession clean you should be able to maintain all the holdings in a Duchy), then I start expanding the cities/chapels I own. Using the console command RIP. Bishoprics seem decent, but they're finicky depending on if your bishop likes you or not, and I still can't tell if the money I get from them in the ledger. The title will always go to the holder's primary heir always_follows_primary_heir = yes de_jure_drift_disabled boolean Prevents the title from de jure drifting into a kingdom or empire de_jure_drift_disabled = yes male_names/female_names list<string> A list of names that can be adopted by the title. When your ruler's domain limit grows, revoke the. 2. Click a holding to view the county holdings screen, with that holding selected. Then when you click on a temple holding you get in the bottom right hand corner a picture of your realm priest who is listed as Lessee, not as Holder. There's supposedly a special building slot in Lund. The description on most military buildings says 'holder of this holding' above the bonuses to troop strength which is deliberately separated from the more generic bonuses to gold and levy income. In CK2, at least you got an opinion bonus for building in a vassal's holding. Then to create buildings inside those holdings you will click the holding (or on the map zoom in and click the county, then bottom left blue boxes click on them and you can pick with buildings you would like to build for the holdings. Cities: Focus on tax. This is a good point. If you did, you could see that you have the option to grant a country to a bishop in your realm. If you, instead, only get 0. In real life, there are multiple examples where a duke or count had part of his lands in a kingdom and another part in another kingdom, having therefore formally 2 lieges at a time. Holding Manager has full-featured building management capabilities and is restricted to the vanilla buildings. #9. CK3 HoldingsDo building bonuses stack? CK3. Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. Gamekeeper’s lodges. Go look up the paradox CK3 wiki and click on the "army" section. In particular, your county control and development are vital for the output of both gold and levies, so it's well worth improving them where you can. Realm bonuses are given to the direct holder not the top liege. If there is a castle holding in the county, you need to be the holder of that title. exe" -debug_mode) 2. Building Holding effects County effects Realm effects Religion Description Grand Cathedral +2 Monthly Tax +20% Holding Taxes +20% Monthly Development +0. Holding multiple duchy capitals is better in the late game despite the opinion malus, and if one worries about that, you can simply let the duchy titles remain uncreated. Church holdings are taxes paid to you from the holder’s realm priest, who leases out any holding in your domain. Money and levies get created in buildings and holdings within Baronies, and then they get passed from there to the barony holder, and from there to other places. CK3 Wiki Active Wikis. Reply SnooChickens6463. For general holdings description read game mechanics on Holdings Every county in Crusader Kings II has at least one holding. Ck2. The majority of buildings come in 8 levels and need the same innovation as the holding level they require. Based on this, it is best to focus on upgrading building s in holdings where. Each is a tile on the map, and each can support three (sometimes more) buildings and a holding. If you give it to a vasall you will get at least 45/50% or more percent of the base income. Level 3 buildings cost 340 Gold and a level 2 holding. After having united Mali and guinea empires, I kind of just have been sitting around consolidating power and building up funds and finishing. lua - there's a value for when it is possible to end up completely destroying a holding. using the 500 gold to convert the holding yourself won't convert the tribal buildings into feudal holding. mod' (so, altered_titles. Don't know. Crusader Kings. You are a feudal lord, so you need to hold a castle. Holy order cannot revoke lease, even though I am the county holder. Content is available under Attribution-ShareAlike 3. r/ck3. Level 2 buildings cost 250 Gold. It is not worth it. You need to build the max no. Crusader Kings is a historical grand strategy / RPG game series for PC, Mac, Linux, PlayStation 5 & Xbox Series X|S developed & published by Paradox Development Studio. A combination of building patches for Holding Manger (the only mandatory mod) that can work for any of the following mods: 1a) COW2 (optional). ELSE holder culture has Crop Rotation OR holding culture has Crop Rotation From pure logic it seems like you need only the second pair here, it seems to cover both, but you did. any vassal or below. But yes, this is the only way, as we know, to make new theocratic vassals. src1425. Almost all of these buildings are considered a point-of-interest for traveling characters and will grant lifestyle experience the first time they are visited per character. The buddhist faith has a holy site in I think Lumbini in the himalayas. g. 11705, you can add holding slots to your capital up to the max of 7. Kinpire Jul 7, 2015 @ 4:53pm. It gives a 15% flat bonus to life style experience and 10% fertility boost. Byzantion also has the special building Hagia Sophia Cathedral, which gives the county +20% development growth, and also gives its holder the following bonuses: +2 Learning +5% Monthly Renown +2 Number of KnightsThe text change doesn't actually address anything because, as the right side of that 1. Then you just revoke and give duchy titles to that priest and boom. Jump to latest Follow Reply. My ideal solution, really, would be to do away with the arbitrary city/castle/temple designation of holdings altogether, maybe having a slot for a ruling member of each estate for a singular holding instead. If you give it to a vasall you will get at least 45/50% or more percent of the base income. Open up slots throughout your realm as a non-tribal ruler. 9 items. . Report. MrCard-Gaming • 3 yr. Fixed CK3's improper German and Russian localizations for rulers of principalities, changing from Prinz and Принц to Fürst and Князь. You will have to pay the entire cost of 11,500 gold to convert an existing holding. The type of holdings a character can hold is determined by their government type (and to some extent religion). Use the temple holdings to stay at. ago. If players want to check that this is the county they own, they can see that the County (Holder) is “You”. Hunting reserves. 3) Check warscreen and see you vassalise the current holder of the title and get a county from the de jure duchy from another guy 4) Enforce demands Result: - The 3 de jure vassals of the titleholder switch from the title holder to the guy above that - you get the one county from the other guyCrusader Kings 3 is a complex game, but Murchad's strong position and his possession of claims to multiple counties in Ireland help get a quick start. Gave Orhan an unpressed claim on Abydos. When such an event takes place, the player will be notified that something is happening within the. To check the war score, use the. Conquered basicly the whole kingdome of hungary in the starting war, but now i'm not able to build in most of my holdings as they are castle holdings and I'm tribal (and want to stay tribal for fun). I think it is correct to say "realm". So here's a look at the county of Venezia: Image 2. Holy buildings are restricted to specific faiths (in some. CK3 Contract Rights. In your tribal holdings, at the bottom near the buildings is a castle icon. given that at domain limit of 10 the military academies at each level would give you +20, +40 and +60 extra knights, +250%, +500%, and +750% knight. 0 ‘Lance’ Update Notes ##### # Expansion Features ##### Grand Activities: Rulers can now host and participate in large-scale customizable Grand Activities on the map. Small county at the bottom of Sweden. There are five types of settlements, each with a different set of buildings. Press ` or ~ again to close it (Shift-Alt-C doesn't seem to close the console). Rulers of some government types can lease other rulers' holdings. Valheim Genshin. g. Near (details map): Shows terrain and holdings. "Worth it" is realtive, considering you have nothing else to do with it: yeah :p. same ruler who opens the mint, or . Even if a sworn enemy takes over their rival's county, they just seem to fly the same flag out of respect. Look for the ID of the barony you want to change (you have to start the game in debug mode and then hover over the barony on the map and the ID is in purple) 8. It is one of the biggest bugs I have seen in the game so I hoped they would but the patch didn't address it. Oh my. CK3 Building and Holding Guide This guide will cover a comprehensive strategy for selecting holdings, counties and buildings for Feudal lords in the 1. One note, I have not seen county capitals change in CK3, so if mayor Bob holds a city, and is then given a country which has a castle as its capital (as most counties do), that castle will still remain as the capital, and mayor bob will hold it and the original city, but will remain a republican ruler. The maximum penalty is 87. 1/month and Development will increase by +0. For that reason, they will have an opinion malus against the holder of that duchy, which in this case is you. If you click on such a coat of arms (1), you will see a county window on the left side. what I'm comparing is the amount of taxes/levies you get from buildings. Effects, also known as commands, are used in scripting to alter the target that was selected via scopes and conditions. Changed Ångermanland to pagan in 1187 and 1204, to match its holder, and changed it to a castle holding in 1337. they will be gone. I started playing EU4 not so long ago after having played ck3 for a long time and the thing about eu4 is the game does a decent. The new expansion for Crusader Kings III: Royal Court has a bunch of special roles that can be assigned to characters. Open the gamestate. If there was an easy way to switch capitals using console, that would work as well. At least some were last verified for version 1. It's obviously an intentional choice, because you can blow up and replace upgrades inside holdings, so adding a line or two of code to convert that ability to also affect the holding itself wouldn't be hard. build an elephantry building in a temple holding you will not get the + knight/elephant effects as you are leasing that holding to the temple holder (unless you. If you are going to actually compare holdings then there should be a number by each county in CK2 to represent how many holdings the county has or if you are comparing counties then the CK3's areas should be bigger. Here's how to increase county control and development in Crusader. Holdings: These are the smallest entity on the map. I don't know about CK3 for sure, but in CK2 that malus does not. 4 CK3 patch. Look for the ID of the barony you want to change (you have to start the game in debug mode and then hover over the barony on the map and the ID is in purple) 8. Copy and paste the following and substitute the name of the faith you wish to change to, and then click Run: set_county_faith = faith:dynamic_faith_101. A struggle is a long-term conflict that that affects every character present in a region and has a very large number of effects. 6. The majority of buildings come in 8 levels and need the same innovation as the holding level they require. . To start with, the basics are fairly simple. CK3 wants you to control two duchies, as a king or above, and all of the county in those duchies*. Holding multiple castles in a single county is better than only holding one castle in a single county, but worse than holding a single castle in multiple counties. Prince. Here’s our Crusader Kings III: Royal Court guide to help you with Court Positions. Especially if you have a special design in mind for a certain vassal: military autonomous march, tax farm republic/scuttage, pseudo personal union (kingdom titles within. Added a new building -. 11) of the game. A group of baronies makes up a county. churches, mercenaries, and holy orders). It's a shame they started with 2. Money and levies get created in buildings and holdings within Baronies, and then they get passed from there to the barony holder, and from there to other places. ago. #1. Last Count, First King - As Duke Nuño of Portucale in 1066, form Portugal. Is this a bug? The holy order made a mayor to his city and Even though the game says its my direct vassal I. So your vassals buildings do not help you except indirectly by increasing levy or development. I've tried changing "any_dejure_county" to "any_county" or "any_held_title" but that doesn't seem to work. If the scope of these bonuses is limited to the direct holder why not saying "domain effect", domain seem to refer to all land directly held by one character so it fits. Then click on it and you can choose usually between a Temple or city holding. Idk if its possible to hold them though. Hasteinn>Adventure to Isle of Mann and elevate it. Pay attention to which counties you want to grant to your children. Titles represent the land ownership and each place a character owns. Only holdings in the counties you personally are the holder of are eligible for conversion. However, I am also duchy of Calabria, in which I own the county of Rossana (with my holding). By: 500KG. Level 1 buildings cost 150 Gold. 14; 14; Reactions: Reply. 1 gold per month and exactly 7 troops each. Although in this case, without checking the terrain, it looks like Inverness is. If a character holds more than 2 Duchy titles while they are a King or Emperor, they. At the top, you will find some statistics and information on the ruler of the land (2). churches, mercenaries, and holy orders). But would like to know the real answer also. Crusader Kings III. However: Currently in CK3, AI-realms are already stuck with a very small domain due to partition. In CK3 it seems to me that you get full levies and taxes for almost any type of holding? I went into a county with a castle as a main holding and a temple as a secondary holding, which I both held myself. of buildings in a holding, and not have the one you want to duplicate. Realm ModifierWhizzer. The kingdom of pagan also has 2 buddhist holy sites and is nearby to Lumbini. Same for temples. So if you have to hold a duchy title in order to construct a duchy building in the duchy capital, and you can't hold more than 2 duchies without incurring. Holding Manager has full-featured building management capabilities and is restricted to the vanilla buildings. In CK2, nomads can pillage holdings and completely destroy it, meaning that holding (castle, city, temple) is completely gone from the map and only empty land is left. If you grant a feudal title to a mayor (the holder of a city, might be named differently in different cultures) then it will become a republic. Unclear if the effects are being applied to the lessee. Generally though I build stuff that I can hold. Then this is IF holding culture same as holder culture AND this culture has Corp Rotation… trigger_else = {OR = {scope:holder. 18. If you still hold the claim use it and create a faction, vassals are suckers of joining factions they cant hold themselves from getting thier. e. The one aspect of CK3 that is killing all my playthroughs and going on my nerves is how terrible is the religious balance in the game, which is a total mess. Each is a tile on the map, and each can support three (sometimes more) buildings and a holding. Forums. Exactly, well said. This Holding - Only impacts the specific holding (and the Direct Owner) This County - Impacts all baronies in the holding (Regardless of the owner) This Realm - Effects all holdings owned by the Barony’s Direct Holder. This is really not making me interested in any more. So if you for example build a new castle holding in a county, this county now counts as 2 holdings for the limit. traviscalladine • 3 yr. You can then revoke the holy order by clicking a little button in the barony view of the proper city/temple/castle. You can only do this to your holdings which are feudal. The holder needs to have the duchy, be a republic and needs to hold two duchies. No that doesnt work when they are not of your religion. spiritual heads means that the head of faith does not hold land on the behalf of a dynasty so their allegiance is to the faith not the family. Castles are best for defense as they make opponents siege multiple castles to siege a county. Holding Sprawl DTR is a standalone 3D graphics complement for Dynamic Trade Routes, which uses assets and scripts from the mod Holding Sprawl and much more. The city I got problems was Pisa, not Siena. Unlocked building slots are not lost if the county's culture is changed to one that has fewer building slots innovations. Doing so costs a lot of money and takes 2 years during which the holding produces less income. I guess we'd just need to make some custom way of triggering it in a fashion that makes sense within the context. To earn the building's bonus you have to hold the county and the duchy title. ago. All the normal nobles/kings belong to this class. . Also if you raid a holding that is not county capital, it can get destroyed during raid. A struggle goes through multiple phases that change 3 months after sufficient Catalysts, actions that push the struggle towards the. Y'know the place.