5-10. Benefits. Teflon is the brand name that Dupont Corporation uses for its PTFE materials, and it is so well-known that people use Teflon PCB to refer to PTFE substrate PCBs used for. /in. , 95 (2009), Article. 1. As shown in Fig. The quantity ( andelta) is referred to as the loss tangent. Industry leading dielectric constant & thickness tolerance for commercial PTFE materials. My Research and Language Selection Sign into My Research Create My Research Account English; Help and support. 0384" (19/. Note that relative permittivity is the ratio of epsilon prime to epsilon zero: Rogers CuClad laminates are woven fiberglass reinforced PTFE based composites for use as PCB substrates and radomes in high frequency applications. PTFE Loss tangent 0. The laminates are PTFE-based materials produced by [49,50]. The fluororesin contains the material PTFE and the component ratio of the liquid crystal polyester to the fluororesin is 30–95/5–70. There were 3 samples in each group, and the average value of the results is taken. 51, 0. 9 mm] . 63 ±0. In loss tangent AFM, the AFM cantilever is excited, similar to amplitude modulation AFM (also known as tapping mode); however, the observable aspects are used to extract dissipative and conservative energies per cycle of oscillation. Dielectrics with low loss provide reduced attenuation and heating in circuits. 물질의 유전율은 보통 상대 유전율, 즉 진공의 유전율에 대한 상대적인 값 로 나타낸다. It has excellent chemical resistance, is unaffected by. The values below are relative permittivity for a few. LaminateR-5785(N)/Prepreg R-5680(N) The ultra-low dielectric constant (Dk) and dissipation factor (Df) make MEGTRON 7 ideal for high speed and large data volumes associated with servers and routers required for 5G. A certain SiC, Si, and PMMA powder mass was weighed. How-ever, disadvantages of PTFE substrate include a high linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and low surface en-ergy. PTFE loss tangent AFM study: (a). Nafion is known as the standard material among different materials utilized for PEM [39]. The loss tangent shows increasing trend at the beginning, with the highest at 10% filler volume. 42 with a loss tangent of 0. 2. Moreover, the PTFE/T-GF exhibited improved dielectric constant (2. 128 at 2. Polyetheretherketone is ahigh performance thermoplastic that is strong, stiff, hard and has high temperature resistance. The randomly oriented microfibers in the PTFE composites result in exceptional Dk uniformity. Known for their naturally slippery surface, these PTFE tubes are often made into bearings, rollers, and. 002 at 10 GHz; Low coefficient of thermal expansion. 058 at 100 GHz and 2 THz, respectively. The lower the dissipation factor, the more efficient is the insulator system. 6 Tribology/Slip and. Sci. Good Dielectric (low-loss dielectric) = j Loss Tangent Loss Tangent E E Loss Tangent is often used to determine how lossy a medium is at a particular frequency. In this article, we will explore the key features and benefits of Arlon AD255C, highlighting its impact on enhancing high-frequency circuit performance. 009 to 0. 2021, 11, 6813 7 of 9. Those values increase with frequency to between about 3. 0011, respectively, while it. Hao Wang, Hao Wang. The dielectric loss tangent of the four curves shows a gentle upward trend, and the use of the binary coupling agents does not have a significant effect on it. 6 for the entire band while loss tangent varies from 0. However, it is explained in. 116" Shield Diameter: 0. Material datasheets and PCB manufacturers commonly refer to this signal loss as the dissipation factor (Df). A surface roughness is very low for PTFE substrate and there is low reliability in Rogers RT/duroid 5880 high frequency laminates are PTFE composites reinforced with glass microfibers. Despite relatively high signal loss and low thermal rating, FR1 PCB offered a low-cost material choice. mmWave77 RF/Microwave low loss controlled dielectric materials exhibit exceptional dimensional stability, chemical resistance, low moisture absorption, and copper peel strength. 0041. The dissipation factor is the tangent of the loss angle of the insulating material. f = 10 Hz corresponds to ω = 62. 2. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commercially known as Teflon, is a semi-crystalline fluoropolymer. Loss tangent values ranging from . 4 THz. 255 at 1. 2. In all materials, the loss tangent tanδ = ε″/ε′ was between 0. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a totally fluorinated polymer which is white, semi-opaque, and semi-crystalline. Therefore, PEEK/PTFE-5 had much higher dielectric loss than that of PEEK-PFN-5 with the same fluorine content. 5 ¥ 10-3 at 60 GHz which exhibits significant impact on total loss in mm-Wave device but the processing for PTFE is also known to be difficult. 4. The ratio of dissipation to stored energy is defined as tanδ. 5 RT Duroid RT Duroid is Glass Microfiber Reinforced PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) composite produced by Roger Corporation. This measurement method allows us to determine the permittivity and the loss tangent of homogeneous materials. If it absorbs energy from loss tangent then you suffer on transmission loss and return loss and hence sensitivity. PTFE loss tangent AFM study: (a). 006) as well as excellent mechanical properties. Electronics 2014, 2 316 Table 1. It is the ratio of the conduction current to the displacement current. e. 2–12. 37 shows an idealized radome. In this paper, a hemispherical open resonator is used to measure the quality factor and resonant frequency of various materials in the millimeter wave band. Download scientific diagram | Test results for the dielectric constant and loss tangent of PDMS-Al2O3-PTFE materials with different doping ratios. Unlike PTFE based high performance materials, RO4000 series laminates do not require specialized via preparation processes such as sodium etch. The density, dielectric constant, loss tangent, moisture absorption and ultimate tensile strength of the composite systems under study are complied in Table 1. 1) Ultra Low Loss Tangent & Dissipation Factor Since the dielectric in CuFlon is pure PTFE, the losses are lower than those encountered in PTFE/glass materials. In general, the dielectric loss tangent of composites remains a very low level, i. Permeability is typically represented by the (italicized) Greek letter μ. Loss Tangent 0. Dielectric Loss =. 005-0. 3 respectively. 5–26. RO3010 laminates are competitively priced products with exceptional mechanical and electrical stability. 7°), high. High-performance fiber paper for wave-transparent applications is extensively applied in electromagnetic windows and radar radomes in the aerospace, transportation, and 5G communication sectors because of its excellent mechanical properties, low dielectric constant ε and dielectric loss tangent tanδ, and. The loss tangent for ptfe is about 0. Try to keep a slow heating rate to avoid pore formation. Loss tangent (tan (δ)) is a measure of signal loss as the signal propagates down the transmission line. tan (δ) or Df is the result of electromagnetic wave absorption by the dielectric. 2123. 02 and a loss tangent of 0. 2. In loss tangent AFM, the AFM cantilever is excited, similar to amplitude modulation AFM (also known as tapping mode); however, the observable aspects are used to extract dissipative and conservative energies per cycle of oscillation. 2 Radome Design Elements. Loss tangent can be calculated using the following formula:. 0007 1017 1018-1019 Polytetrafluoroethylene filled with Glass PTFE 25% GF - 2. View attachment 75187 Ideal may be quartz over alumina or ceramic substrate in non PTFE materials which are predicted to triple in next few years, but you did not specify budget constraints. 1. 6. Dielectric constant (Dk) of 2. The dielectric loss which is also an important parameter for the circuit application of composite substrates was affected by the loss tangent of each component and the manufacture process. e. PTFE-Based PCBs By Rich Trine Technical Service Manager Petersburgh, NY – Tel: 800-833-1805 Fax: 518-658-3988. Test Method: IPC-TM-650 2. 21 and dielectric loss of 6. 56 cm long with the internal diameter of 5. 25 at 1 GHz and 4. A list of typical properties of Tefzel® is shown in Table 1. It is a measure of the amount of energy loss from the material due to an external electric field. Dielectric loss is due to lag of polarization with a. The raw materials used were PTFE aqueous dispersion (TE-3865C, DuPont, USA) and fused amorphous SiO 2 powder (≥99. 18), and decreased dielectric loss (0. Moreover, the PTFE/T-GF exhibited improved dielectric constant (2. PTFE is well-known for its application as a non-stick coating for kitchen. 5. in terms of the loss tangent • Loss increases directly proportional to frequency 30 C G D. moulding medium viscosity acetal resin for injection moulding. Some PTFE-based PCB materials that offer low Dk may be available as unreinforced laminates, meaning they do not have a fiberglass weave reinforcement. 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 9 . 3 GHz and 5. Dielectrics with low. Temperature stable low loss PTFE/rutile composites using secondary polymer. Because of the high loss tangent, don't try to make any filter structures! Properties of FR-4. It was reported that <0. Morphology and filler distribution of the composites were studied using scanning electron microscopic technique. The only way you can reduce it is to use a dielectric with a very low loss tangent, or low dielectric constant. Where tan δ is the dielectric loss factor of the substrate and f is frequency. PTFE), which is commonly used as a dielectric, has a loss tangent of 0. They will. Figure 2 shows the relationship between the dissipation factor vs. In order to go high temperature. The loss in the feed lines and the patches themselves are usually computed with formulas, which were first derived for microstrip transmission lines, i. Low values of Df result in a “fast” substrate while large values result in a “slow” substrate. XRD patterns of pure AgNO 3, pure PMMA, pure PVdF, different wt% ratios of PMMA and PVdF with constant AgNO 3 (5 wt%) are shown in Fig. When the frequency was above 1 MHz, the loss tangent of all the PTFE composite samples was lower than 0. If the capacitor is used in an AC circuit, the dissipation factor due to the non-ideal capacitor is expressed as the ratio of the resistive power loss in the ESR to the reactive power oscillating in the capacitor, orThe loss tangent may increase or decrease with increasing temperature depending on the frequency and the moisture content condition, as shown in Fig. BZV-filled HDPE composite shows a εr value of 4. 8 Loss Tangent 0. Dielectric loss tangent or dissipation factor. Volume resistivity. RO4350B™ Laminates. 6 (a). But the disadvantages such as low mechanical strength and high liner coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) limit its application. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the CLST/PTFE composites were measured by using a vector network analyzer (Agilent, HP8722ET, America) at 10 GHz. TC600™ Laminates are composites of PTFE, thermally conductive ceramic fillers and woven glass reinforcement. 2: Loss tangent defined in terms of the real and imaginary components of the complex permittivity [Math Processing Error] ϵ c. The PTFE/CNT (1 wt%) composite nanofiber membrane displayed an optimal reflection loss of −53. RO3010™ Laminates. 021 (assumed constant) • Skin Loss = Dielectric Loss at f e = 205 MHz Typical Values for FR-4 & Common Line Parameters. 4 plots the storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus, complex viscosity (η*), and tangent of the phase angle shift (tan δ) against frequency (ω) for PP and its blends, respectively. Published in: 2006 International Conference on Microwaves, Radar & Wireless CommunicationsFigure 6. 4. However, it is widely used in different fields to measure various types of material properties, such as mechanical, electrical, magnetic, or chemical properties. It is a solid form of fluorocarbon and a compound with elevated. 5. 0014-. Jacket FEP, Tan 0. PTFE), which is commonly used as a dielectric, has a loss tangent of 0. 4 1 Introduction 6 2 Grades, supply form, color range, quality assurance 8 3 Physical properties 34 3. However, the application of PTFE was hindered by its high CTE (∼400 ppm/ o C) due to its room temperature phase transformation. Dielectric constant: Although this is sometimes misunderstood, and everyone tends to just go for low-Dk laminates, but high-Dk. Wide dielectric constant range available: 2. 3E-4 @3. PTFE. "FR" stands for "flame retardant", and does not denote that the material complies with the standard UL94V-0 unless testing is performed. 0010 to 2. Likewise, relative permittivity is the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared with a similar capacitor that has vacuum as its dielectric. Prepreg. , their dielectric constants are not dependent of the frequency as electronic polarization is instantaneous regardless of frequency. RF-35TC offers a "best in class" low dissipation factor with high thermal conductivity. These materials have lower loss tangent than FR4 materials, so signals can travel farther without attenuating and still fall within acceptable margins. 4. The more common compounded PTFE grades are filled with glass fibre, bronze, graphite, carbon. The ZrTi2O6/PTFE composites exhibit a dielectric constant of 7. 3. In loss tangent AFM, the AFM cantilever is excited, similar to amplitude modulation AFM (also known as tapping mode); however, the observable aspects are used to extract dissipative and conservative energies per cycle of oscillation. Both twisting and bending lead to structural deformation, namely the density distribution change of the PTFE SCPDW at the bending section, which affects the dielectric constant and loss tangent. e. 6 Thermal stability of AlN/PTFE composites. 3. Electrically, Tefzel® is an excellent low-loss dielectric, with a uniformity of electrical properties not normally found with other thermoplastics. 7 Loss tangent: 0. 008 from 75GHz to 100GHz. FR-4 is a composite material composed of woven fiberglass cloth with an epoxy resin binder that is flame resistant (self-extinguishing). 2. 4 (a) closely follows the profile of in Fig. 0 ()1. Combined with ultra-low dielectric constant and dielectric loss, FEP/PTFE nanocomposite foam has great potential to be applied in next generation communication devices. Low loss tangent of . 3. 4 plots the storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus, complex viscosity (η*), and tangent of the phase angle shift (tan δ) against frequency (ω) for PP and its blends, respectively. TheFebruary 27, 2020. The microwave dielectric properties of ZrTi2O6/PTFE composites were measured using stripline resonator method. All samples were compressed into 20 mm × 5 mm × 1 mm rectangular shape. 3 Properties under impact stress 40 3. Cont. In the following, transmission loss, phase constant, energy connement, and bend-ing loss under the PTFE SCPDW dominant mode are simulated and analyzed. PTFE loss tangent AFM study: (a). (PI), cyanate ester resin (CE), polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), bismaleimide triazine resin (BT), thermosetting polyphenylene ether resin (PPE) or PPO are all commonly used. When the porosity increased from 50. 2. Values presented here are relative dielectric constants. The relative dielectric constant (ε r) and loss tangent (tanδ) of the composites increase with an increase of the volume fraction of ZrTi2O6. However, it is explained in Section. The randomly oriented microfibers result in exceptional dielectric constant uniformity. 05±0. The MEGTRON 7 family, including MEGTRON 7(N), MEGTRON 7(GE) and. Rogers RO4350B materials are proprietary woven glass reinforced hydrocarbon/ceramics with electrical performance close to PTFE/woven glass and the manufacturability of epoxy/ glass. 8" L=8. 5. PTFE is a soft substance can it can be easily distorted; Then there is the cost. 33 x 107 MΩ-cm 2. , 584 (2019), pp. 0014-. The heat conduction of PTFE polymer-based composite substrates has always been a problem because of a low heat conductivity of PTFE itself. The shape of PMMA was limited to spherical. Polytetrafluoroethylene exhibited the typical dielectric behavior of a nonpolar substance: no dielectric loss peak was found over the experimental range of temperature and frequency. 5. 5 GHz show that the 3D printed PTFE maintains the favorable dielectric properties of traditionally processed PTFE. 1 rad/s to 100 rad/s in Fig. 24 3. One of the recently developed characterization techniques is known as loss tangent. The COMSOL Multiphysics® software and many of its add-on modules include built-in material libraries, which are databases with materials and their associated material properties. This may be attributed to the non-uniform distribution of conductive particles. % filler loading. 0 and 6. Temperature Operating Range -55 to +200 deg C. Helping to maintain the Dk uniformity are the randomly oriented microfibers reinforcing the. 305), decreased dielectric loss (9. 2. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer is an example of a linear fluoropolymer. Microwave engineers usually deal with the ratio between the two, which is called tangent delta, or tanD (say "tan-dee"), for short. 1). It is the ratio of the magnetic induction to the magnetizing field as a function of the field in a material. Ultra-low Loss, Highly Heat Resistant Circuit Board Materials. If it absorbs energy from loss tangent then you suffer on transmission loss and return loss and hence sensitivity. PTFE test samples, 3D printed using 3M’s proprietary printing process, were tested for dielectric constant and dielectric loss. 5. The loss tangent of the PTFE/BMT composites was improved to 0. PTFE Teflon® Type A L=4. RO3003 laminates offer excellent stability of dielectric constant (Dk) over various temperatures and frequencies. Resonac considers the difference between SFR and LCP as the difference in dielectric loss based on Dk and Df. 0021: Industry Approvals IPC-4101 Specification Number: /102 IPC-4101E/102 Validation Services QPL. Relative permittivity is the factor by which the electric field between the charges is decreased relative to vacuum. 4. 5%E films. 305), decreased dielectric loss (9. 0005 0. 6648. The loss tangent is defined by the angle between the capacitor's impedance vector and the negative reactive axis. Radar and satcom signal clarity is a complex function of design and material. 224 ± 0. 5. 45 GHz. 5-10. PTFE-based ceramic-polymer dielectric composites have been widely researched in the communication field due to their good processing, wide range frequency and temperature stability and being able to provide tunable dielectric constant in a scale. 6 to 4. Dielectric Loss and Copper Loss . Some key advantages of PTFE include: Low dielectric constant and loss tangent: PTFE offers a low dielectric constant and low loss tangent, which results in minimal signal loss and distortion at high frequencies. Introduction. Decomposition Temperature (Td) by TGA @ 5% weight loss: Resin Content: 360: Df, Loss Tangent: Resin Content: 0. Generally, the loss in a material is expressed in terms of the loss tangent, tanδ= ²00r ²0 r. 6, 5. Dyneon™ PTFE continues to meet tough demands for new applications and maintains proven success and high reliability in the following industries: Automotive PTFE and PTFE compounds are. 003 or less at ~10 GHz or higher; Fiber weave effects, although these laminates may have the same loss tangent as typical FR4 materials;. 1 and loss tangent as low as 0. Thus moisture absorption should be as low as possible. 045 (2. 1 Mechanical properties 34 3. 08E ⁻⁴ ), higher bending strength (21. Lower Z-Direction CTE than traditional PTFE woven-glass laminates. An analysis using the theory of two-component composites is used to extract the real. Meanwhile, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PTFE/CNT (5 wt%) nanofiber membranes are 58. This family of advanced laminates offers exceptional electrical and mechanical stability. 7 at 20 GHz (Fig. 01 and 0. 94 +/- . 2: Loss tangent defined in terms of the real and imaginary components of the complex permittivity [Math Processing Error] ϵ c. As shown in Fig. 0031 making it a cost effective alternative to PTFE and other commercial microwave and high-speed digital laminate materials. 0009 3 Fused. 4 to 3. 4 %PTFE also has a very low loss tangent with a typical value of tan δ = 4 × 10 −4 , which decreases by a factor of 2-3 from 300 K down to 4 K [51, 52]. e. The dielectric performances of the composite were investigated within the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 MHz. RO4350B laminates provide tight control on dielectric constant (Dk) and maintain low loss while utilizing the same processing method as. 1 FILTRATION Selecting the Best Filter for Your Application Choosing a filter does not have to be complicated – Corning has simplified the process. In the present work, fillers having different temperature coefficient of permittivity ( τ ε r ) were incorporated in the PTFE matrix near to the optimum filler loading, and we studied the effect. 8 THz. Eng. 17. When δ is low valued then it is related to loss tangent (the ratio of imaginary and real parts of permittivity) by δ ≈ tanδ ×103 milliradians. 003 - 1015 1016. Wang) The discussion in this section has assumed that [Math Processing Error] ϵ c is complex-valued solely due to ohmic loss. 114 in [2. 5. Loss Tangent: A. 07 and 0. The CAS number for PTFE is 9002-84-0. 4. Specifications Met: ASTM D1710, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177. This paper presents a method for reducing dielectric loss (tan δ) by forming PDMS composites loaded with various concentrations of either alumina (Al 2 O 3) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Rogers CLTE-XT laminates are composites of micro-dispersed ceramic filler, PTFE and woven fiberglass reinforcement, designed to improve loss tangent while maintaining good dimensional stability. This increase is expected since glass has a higher Dk than LCP. This paper presents a complete set of experimental data consisting of storage modulus, tan δ, loss modulus, relaxation modulus and creep compliance for these materials under isothermal. 0 in the z-axis at 10 GHz tightly. 17 to 2. constant of 2. CuClad® laminates are woven fiberglass/PTFE composite materials for use as printed circuit board substrates. 02 in this frequency range. 0002. Loss Tangent (Df) ASTM D2520: 10 GHz: 0. 0015 0. - Suitable for high-frequency electric wires since both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent are small - Coefficient of friction is so small that it can gain the excellent slipperiness. Dissipation Factor The ratio of loss current to charging current. Among these, PTFE is the most preferred matrix for microwave applications because of its low loss tangent, stable dielectric constant, good chemical resistance and high operating temperature. 2E-4 @100 MHz. /. BNT/PTFE. which are ideal for most of the electronic applications [11]. 2. The loss tangent of D263 glass dramatically increases from 0. The low loss tangent is a consequence of the symmetrical conformation of the polymer backbone, which effectively neutralizes the dipole forces of the C–F bonds yielding a net zero dipole moment. Ultra Low Loss Laminate and Prepreg. Here, we use tan δ = 2 × 10 −4 at 4 K. 1 at 10 GHz (Fig. While sintering first evaporate the binder at 500-600 for 15 min and then go to your desired temperature. PTFE or Polytetrafluoroethylene is a versatile and high-performance fluoropolymer made up of fluorine and carbon atoms and is highly used as a non-stick coating in kitchen. 1. Dissipation Factor is a dimensionless measure and hence no units. This relation is known as the dissipation factor (or loss tangent, tan δ), as presented in Eqn (2. The temperature dependency of the loss tangent, tan. PTFE laminates are a specialty material despite. Loss IPC TM-650 2. signal and includes both dielectric and dc-conductivity losses. 4 times higher dielectric loss tangent and effective relative dielectric permeability compared to unmodified. In loss tangent AFM, the AFM cantilever. - lbs. The ε of the PTFE composite film (PTFE/BN/m-AlN) with 90 wt% filler content was only 3. 2 dB with a thickness of 2. 05 and loss tangent of 0. 14. In ferroelectric materials, dielectric constant is high due to spontaneous polarization similar to. At 1 MHz dielectric constant of PTFE is determined as 2. 12 at 100 Hz). Loss tangent (tanδ): 0. Measured tanδ for partially cross-linked SU-8 was 0. ), and a. Your core is effectively one or more prepreg laminates that are pressed, hardened, and cured with heat, and the core is plated with copper foil on each side. 2. In this study, we developed a novel strategy that can accurately detect the permittivity and loss tangent of low-loss materials based on a. an insulating material, breakdown of that materials molecular 2. 09 (TDS); whereas the loss tangent angles are ~7. Using PEC as a material with infinite. The imaginary part is zero for lossless materials and is also known as loss factor. It doesn't mean that you don't have this property in any other types of circuit. 2. For example, teflon (a. PTFE G400 Data - Moulded ≤ 32 ≤ 19 Density Hardness - Shore D Tensile Strength - CD Elongation at break - CD Compressive strength at 1% deformation - CD ASTM D792 2,14 - 2,18 / Service Temperature ( min - max ) Thermal expansion coefficient ( linear ) 25 - 100°C Dielectric strength (specimen 0,5 mm thick) Dielectric Constant at 60 Hz and. and it influences cost of devices. 5%, Kishida Chemical) and pure water for 1 min each using an ultrasonic bath (USK-1R, AS- ONE). 83 × 10 −3 and ~3. Loss Tangent (RC 64%) @10GHz: 0. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been widely used in packaging and substrate industries because of its very low dielectric constant and excellent chemical resistance. Excellent mechanical properties versus. Note that loss tangent is zero for a lossless ((sigmaequiv 0)) material, and increases with increasing loss. 008%) and temperature coefficient of dielectric constant (−18. Polymers are important dielectric materials that are often used for a wide range of applications, including high-energy-density capacitors 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, high-voltage cables 10. 5 × 10⁻³ at microwave frequencies (around 10 GHz). R-5775K Laminate Constructions Thicknesscost-effective alternative to PTFE and other commercial microwave laminate materials. Toray's full suite of lightweight syntactic foams is compatible with our low dielectric, pure radome prepregs, offering a weight-saving tuned system solution. Compared with various perfluoroaliphatic polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a kind of special engineering plastic, has self-fire-retardant, excellent chemical inertness, high operating temperature (25 °C), low water absorption and low dielectric loss tangent (3 × 10 −4), which is an ideal polymer matrix for the application in the. FR-4 (or FR4) is a NEMA grade designation for glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material. 011: GOOD Dielectric Constant 4. Phase formation was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction studies. Jul 2011;. 85*10-12 F/m), ε 0 - dielectric constant of silicon (11.