View trade pricing and product data for Hepworth - Clay, IBP3 Filter, c/w Silt Bucket, Clay, Clay Plastics Trapped Gullies. As a market leading contributor to the built environment, our sights are firmly set on leading our industry in sustainability by 2025. Showing 1-36 of 47. Manthorpe G965 Dual Extended Telescopic Floor Vent. A coupling is a mechanical device used to connect the ends of adjacent parts or objects. Zurn Industries Z165 8-3/8" Diameter Combination Main Roof and Overflow Drain with Low Silhouette Domes and Double Top-Set® Deck Plate. . Load Class B 125. See more ideas about drainage, drainage solutions, paving design. 0 (8) Download. We know we need a drainage channel between the door and the patio slabs. Small Cobble - 64-128mm size. Pebbles - less than 64mm size. The Hepworth domestic channel drainage range consists of: HepFlow® Linear Drainage - domestic polymer concrete drainage system. 88 £2. Hepworth Clay drainage system comprises a range of perforated and non-perforated vitrified clay pipes supplied complete with factory-fitted push-fit flexible couplings or plain ended with separate couplings to be fitted on site. The new patio will be on two levels - a higher area which is level with the threshold of the bifold doors, and a step down to a lower level which is level with the existing patio. Hepworth SuperSleve 300 - Foul water drainage . Custom Drainage. Conforms to the Harmonised European Standard: BS EN 295-1:2013 . Our range of drainage materials and equipment for water channelling include drains, sewers, pipe couplings, manhole covers and chambers. co. Threshold Drain x 1m Aluminium Grate. 80 (Exc. PG2. Delivery or pick up local to you Hepworth Plastidrain from a highly recommended trusted company. tel: 01226 763561. Hepworth SuperSleve HouseDrain Pipe 1. However, Document M of the Building Regulations requires level threshold access to be provided to all new buildings, and a growing number of homeowners lik…Range. Please note, to ensure the integrity of your underground drainage systems, our ranges should only be used in conjunction with other. Abstract. This study investigates the effectiveness of drainage tunnels in increasing the rainfall threshold of a deep-seated. The Supersleve drainage system is suitable for foul and surface water drainage in housing, commercial, industrial and highway. Dacta Therm PPR Pipes & Fittings. Hepworth Supersleve Clay Drainage feature high material strength, which betters the performance and life expediency of up too 100 years. Trading as Jewson Civils Frazer. 80 inc. The unique properties of UPVC make Hepworth Watermain pipes, 3820) joints and bends an ideal choice where potable water or other liquids. 27 £14. W hen such a network is mapped one observes . Technical Instruction Hepworth Clay pipe cutting guidance. Direction of flow is from socket towards the spigot. The difference between soil and waste pipes is that soil pipes carry water and solids into the sewer from your toilet, bidet or urinal. Hepworth PME LLC also provides pipes and fitting for gravity drainage installation for effective disposal of waste water. Driveway Paving. Hepworth Clay drainage specification Download PDF Solutions. Hepworth Building Products has three specialised divisions: Hepworth Drainage Hepworth Plumbing Products Hepworth Concrete Hepworth Plumbing Products manufacture the market leading Hep20 flexible plumbing system and underfloor heating, above ground plastics including soil, waste and rainwater systems along with Hep30 pressure pipe . Threshold Drain B125 Drainage Channel (125kn) Cast Iron Grate B125 Drainage Channel (125kn) Galvanised Grate B125 Drainage Channel (125kn) Plastic. For use with 100mm SuperSleve. HexDrain B 125 . Published [27/03/2017] File size [207 KB] Download document from HEPWORTH CLAY & TERRACOTTA - Pipe Couplings, Surface Water Drainage, Vitrified Clay Ducting, Vitrified Clay Drainage Pipes, Surface Boxes, Land Drainage, Stop Tap Guards, Clay Drainage Systems, Masonry Saw Blades - on BPi. The narrow profile minimises impact on design, allowing seamless integration between internal and external areas; perfect for creating seamlessly combined indoor/outdoor spaces. Hepworth Building Part number TDJP. HepFlow® Linear Drainage - polypropylene channel drainage. Vat. manufactured to BS EN 1452-2:2000 (kitemark License number. blue and black pipes that are included. Jul 22, 2021 — 10 design. Service you would expect from a recommended trusted UK company. Downloads. Socketed channel system for use in manholes on commercial, industrial and adoptable drainage including gullies. Digital elevation models (DEMs) enable extraction of stream networks, delineation of watersheds and determination of geomorphological characteristics. You will also find manhole covers and gully grates. TITLE: JOINERY DETAILS DATE : SHUTLANGER. When creating or refurbishing a garden, patio, or other landscape, the importance of effective drainage must not be forgotten. channel bedded in place with mortar designation (i) to shw clause 2404 outlet adaptor fitted over hole in channel base. POLY16 COMPRESSION. All our stainless steel drainage gully systems work well with a range of commercial flooring options. We stock a wide choice of clay drainage products from industry-favourite. Hepworth Threshold Slot Drain. underground drainage systems hepworthhepworth clay and terracotta with wavinhepworth clay and terracotta with wavinhepworth clay and terracotta with wavin2724 hbp domestic channel drainpavingexpert threshold drainage solutionsclay, viewing the 201 4 upvc windows 3 casement opening at 600w x 900h and 1 at 282 284 hepworth 10mm plumbing pipe 285. Buy online Hepworth Plastidrain at MyTub trade counter. Effective drainage: The R-47 x Blade uses Aquabocci’s signature ‘drainage technique’ to repel and drain water as efficiently as possible. Clay. 2 23m ROOF PLAN Determine outlet positions: Underground drainage schemes will permit two downpipes to be used. 46 per U. Our Price: £26. 5011479198179. View trade pricing and product data for Hepworth - Clay, CJ3/3 Junction, Socketed Double Oblique 45Deg, Clay, Clay Channels Plain Ended & Socketed. Orbia’s Building and Infrastructure business Wavin is an innovative solutions provider for the global building and infrastructure industry. New Hepworth flexible couplings range; Al-Vac introduce handy vacuum lift;. Dacta Drainage Solvent Weld uPVC Above Ground Drainage System. Clark-Drain New Style Plastic Channel End Cap and Outlet Set 128 x 117mm. Underground Drainage SystemsBuild Plumb Plastics supply high quality Underground Drainage Pipe and fittings from leading manufacturers including Polypipe, Brett Martin, Naylor, Clark Drain, Pipelife and Fernco. Hepworth Building S/sv 300 Taper To 225 S/sv. Lightweight and. SUPERSLEVE PIPE. Direct download. Wavin Osma Domestic Rain Channel is a surface drainage system that can handle light to medium traffic loads. YR55X. An ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & ISO 45001 registered company, in 2009 Hepworth PME Qatar became the first plastic pipe manufacturer in Qatar to achieve “Kitemark” third party certification on its soil & waste and drainage products, clearly demonstrating the company’s commitment and dedication to supplying its customers with the highest quality. The first chapter of the course will cover the Hepworth Clay Supersleve and introduce its key features, advantages. CE marked and kitemarked to EN 295. Description. Catalog code Wavin. Rocks bigger than 256mm are, apparently, boulders, and those less than 64mm are pebbles. 2. . This means that the internal variability within hillslopes is limited up to this threshold. Heating and Cooling. Hepworth Channel Pipe. RainChannel is an A15 Loading class, lightweight drainage channel made from recycled Polypropylene for general domestic use at the head of private driveways and patio areas. The higher part will be edged on one side by the existing house wall. View manufacturers from Drainage gullies and channels. Hepworth Clay pipes and fittings can be used for the majority of drainage installations. Diameter . Threshold Drainage Channel. Its design is also perfect to sit flush with the door ensuring subtlety, as well as quick and efficient drainage. A variety of finishing options, ranging from slimline stainless steel channel systems to anthracite carpet on our drainage mats, are available to enhance your property. 7 . Push and fit joints are used to allow pipe expansion. Model: TD400. Threshold sills should have a slope between a maximum of 15° and a minimum of 7° to discourage water ingress and facilitate run-off. The higher part will be edged on one side by the existing house wall. Hepworth Drainage. drainage adaptor to clay pipes ref sa5 100Ø clay pipe work connecting to main drainage system 50. example illustrates the use of the drainage data table. Hepworth Clay SuperSleve HouseDrain EPD for. In this case, the leading edge of the threshold sill should be rounded or chamfered to assist the transition for wheelchair users. are transported under pressure. Domestic drainage channels for surface water around the house in areas such as doorways and. Threshold Drainage Tee Black Aluminium Grating £32. A drainage system according to claim 14, wherein the said geotextile comprises non-woven. Hepworth Clay offers a comprehensive range of drainage products suitable for foul and surface water drainage in adoptable, industrial, commercial and highway drainage applications. £8. In this video, we will show you how to properly install drainage and thresholds in your home. View our huge range of competitive Ducting, Soakaway Crates & Drainage Pipes online. Hazlehead Site, Crow Edge . Length . ACO. 1 clay drainage brand in the UK. Sales Status. Add to basket; Threshold Luxe 60 – Silver Aluminium Safeheel Slotted Grating £ 26. Plumbing and waste disposal. In recent years, it has seen something of a. Reviews. Plastic Mesh. O. Supported by a CE Mark and Declaration of Performance (DoP) certificate. Hepworth’s SuperSleve manufacturing process results in pipes with thinner body walls that are lighter in weight than traditional clay pipes but have the enhanced product characteristics of dimensional straightness, mechanical strength, in crushing and beam, chemical resistance and resistance to high pressure water jetting. LP175/3. lutonlagerlout Site Adminwater drainage at the hospital. SourcedThe new patio will be on two levels - a higher area which is level with the threshold of the bifold doors, and a step down to a lower level which is level with the existing patio. Hepworth Clay drainage pipes > Hepworth-PP-Paved-Area-Gully-Top-100; Hepworth Clay drainage pipes. Hepworth Clay Product Design and Installation Guide . Details. All pipes identified in the Hepworth Clay Drainage price list with the jetting logo are guaranteed for the system lifetime against penetration of the pipe wall up to 7,500 psi (517 bar). 5027888212252. Hepworth SuperSleve clay drainage system comprises a range of vitrified clay pipes, bends, junctions and fittings available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters, supplied complete with factory -fitted push-fit flexible couplings or plain ended with separate couplings to be fitted on site. Hepworth Drainage : Threshold Drain Jointing Piece Tdjp : THRESHOLD DRAIN JOINTING PIECE: Manufacture: Hepworth Building: Hepworth Building Code#: TDJP: MyTub Code#: 573245 £7. 1. Size: 96. Making the. Superior chemical resistance for use in contaminated sites. CALL: +44 (0) 1733 765317. ALL PRODUCTS. Downloads. 5. Threshold Drain x 1m Aluminium Grate. Hepworth Building £18. Packaging. Range Hepworth Clay inspection chambers are supplied complete with multi inlets to connect directly to SuperSleve pipe systems, any or all inlets can be easily adapted to plastic drainage systems with the adaptor provided. Hepworth Clay offers a comprehensive range of drainage products suitable for foul and surface water drainage in adoptable, industrial, commercial and highway drainage applications. 1 C 300 357 2000. Pricing group 1 - Key. 00 incl VAT. Whether it’s domestic, adoptable, commercial or industrial drainage you are installing. SuperSleve productsWelcome to the new Barbara Hepworth Building Project situated on Queen Street South in Huddersfield. uk W: W: W: Overview Hepworth SuperSleve clay drainage system comprises a range of vitrified clay pipes, bends, junctions and fittings available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters, supplied complete with factory-fittedWhen installing a clay drainage system, there are best practices that will help to ensure a safe and effective installation. At only 60mm wide, the sleek stainless steel grate provides a contemporary and minimalist look. See current trade price list for full details. is a flexible material, built with alternating ridges and grooves. They are available in a wide range of sizes from a miniscule 50mm to a strangely unrounded 2999 mm diameter. Accessible / Level Threshold. At Hepworth we have always believed that for future-proof drainage ‘clay is the way’ – the. Confirms that: SP1 - SuperSleve EuroTop Pipe DN100mm . 2 Pages. But ideally I want something that: 1) is domestic - no holes that are going to trap heels etc. Vitrified clay pipes for drains and sewersProduct Details: Brand: Milano Area for Installation: Kitchen Article Number: 140100300372 Product Description: Experience the highest quality and durability with our product molded from high-grade material. 2). Hepworth threshold drain. Where paving meets a public highway or neighbouring property. Hepworth Clay SuperSleve 300 EPD for SC3/7 . £17. drainage, clay would be the product you’d invent. Hepworth Clay Drainage Showing all 11 results. VAT. 63 UK and Worldwide delivery. Hepworth Channel Junction Curved Square. 75. They come in a range of sizes, from 50mm deep units for roof drainage to 250mm deep motorway drains, and in a ever widening range of materials, including polymer concrete, wet-press concrete, HDPE, and stainless steel. Email: [email protected] : R12 Drainage Below Ground - Plastic/Metal Type Pipes & Channels. 4 posts • Page 1 of 1. The. support area threshold would result in drainage networks with first order stream drops . Hepworth is the No. Brand: HEPWORTH PME. Range. co. So, just to clarify, cobbles are unworked lumps of stone that have not been dressed,. Bends, junctions and fittings are available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters. Dec 5, 2016 - Explore ALE's board "threshold drainage detail" on Pinterest. 22. * The trend for 'level threshold' access at patio doors, where the internal floor and. 3 3. Skip to the end of the images gallery . - via a new branch junction or access chamber to an existing pipeline. View trade pricing and product data for Hepworth - Clay, CX1/3R Bend, Socketed Half Section RH 50Deg, Clay, Clay Channels Plain Ended & Socketed. Wavin Osma is the reference for residential and commercial drainage systems. Similar products from Wavin Ltd. The offset slots allow for installation opposite walls and doors, and the concealed 10mm. 1. Whether you’re installing for a domestic or commercial project. info@theNBS. The company is manufacturing PVC pipes and supplies the biggest range of British manufactured pipes and fittings, required by the water and drainage industry in the Arabian Gulf. Soil pipes. VAT £28. lutonlagerlout Site AdminDec 5, 2016 - Explore ALE's board "threshold drainage detail" on Pinterest. O Box : 8689. Recommended maximum spacing of access provision (in metres) for manual cleaning (Table Note:1 in BS EN 752-3: 1996 ) To access fitting: To junction To inspection To manhole and Distance from: type 1 type 2 or branch chamber shallow inspection. This ACO BrickSlot HexDrain is a slot drain channel drainage system that seamlessly clips together and requires no additional fixings, with a 500mm mark for an easy-cutting guide. 00 ex. co. Add to basket. 30. Supplied in standard industry specification our leading manufacturer products are interchangeable with each other. Hepworth. Hepworth PME was established in the UAE in 1974 with it's head office in Dubai. No. on the Water Research Centres list of. PLUMBING TRADE ESSENTIALS. They can act as drainage channels, directing surface water to a suitable disposal point. Inc. Hepworth Clay drainage pipes. Size: 100mmx1. Clay’s main benefits are its durability and longevity, plus it has a good environmental profile from a raw material through manufacturing, installation, in-use to. 1 clay drainage brand in the UK, with a reputation second to none for product quality, technical ability and customer service. E: [email protected] – £ 52. Clay 100mm 90 degree Curved Square Plain Ended Drainage Junction Hepworth SuperSleve House Drain SJ2/1. Hepworth Threshold drain or similar) All new timber doors and windows to receive clear wax oil treatment to preserve the natural appearance of the Oak. Slimline Domestic Level Threshold Door Drainage ACO Threshold A15 channel drain eliminates water ponding in front of house entrances, available in either a silver or black aluminium finish. 1 clay drainage brand in the UK, with a reputation second to none for product quality, technical ability and customer service. Main Material . The company was established over 40 years ago in Dubai and manufactures pipes and fittings in the UAE, Oman and Qatar. View manufacturers from Drainage gullies and channels. Our gullies are manufactured in austenitic stainless steel grades 304 or 316 and are fully pickle passivated in order to ensure corrosion free joints. 92 299. Manthorpe G930 Combination Airbrick. VAT £39. Manufactured from extruded plastic with an aluminium or steel grating, ACO Threshold Drain eliminates water ponding at house entrances, or around your patio. 8 HVT46YPNKM113 D (mm) Std L (Mtr) BSI Certification Nominal OD Wall Thickness (mm) Item Code Min (DN) Max (DN) 110 3 110 110. Hepworth Clay inspection chambers are manufactured under a Quality Management system to BS EN ISO 9001. Suited to an assortment of domestic applications, the recycled polypropylene structure is ideal for pedestrian and light vehicular traffic up to Load Class A15. 00 ex. 2. uk 3 Features and Benefits • Sustainability – Clay pipes have low embodied CO 2, with a true cradle to cradle pedigree, including low environmental impact in raw material sourcing, highly efficient manufacturing processes, a long service life and true end-of-life recyclability. 1. 07 2093. All HepSure™ couplings utilise worm drives and clips, akin to the. Area: Industrial Area 11. Size: 225mm, Finish: Polypropylene, TSI Code: 9784343, EAN Code: 5027888002129. Introduction to Hepworth Clay Hepworth Clay Vitrified clay is a well-established material for use in below-ground drainage systems. Hepworth Clay pipes and fittings can be used for the majority of drainage installations. The higher part will be edged on one side by the existing house wall. Find pipes, adaptors, channels & more in various sizes. 2. co. Size: 100mm, Finish: Vitrified Clay, TSI Code: 9788776, EAN Code: 5027888010360. Hepworth pvc pipe catalogue pdf. 3 P/E 300 357 2000 145. Manufactured from 100% recycled black polypropylene, the highly successful 1m ACO HexDrain channel has been combined with a new offset slot cover specifically designed for slab and block paving, to create ACO. Add to basket. Hepworth Clay Product Design and Installation Guide . Registered in England and Wales. Choose how many lines you want to bet on. Wavin Osma Domestic Rain Channel is ideal for driveways, patios, gardens and other domestic applications. One of the UK's most trusted and leading names in plastic drainage systems. Vat. Vat. In Stock. The original linear drainage system for outdoor environments. Lightweight and easy to fit, HepFlow Polymer Concrete gives installers a wider choice when specifying applications for domestic driveways and pedestrian areas around residential properties. Clay is a 100% natural and plentiful raw material. Clay is one of the oldest materials for drainage pipes, with clay sewerage pipes dating back 2,500 years, being unearthed in Ephesus in Turkey. CHLORFIT COMMERCIAL WATER. Comopex Pex Pipes and Fittings. Ajman Phone: +97167676337 Fax: +971564039493 shaheer@buildlineuae. Roof Drainage > Hepworth Terracotta ridge tiles > Hepworth-Terr-Cap-A-Rge-Blue-115°-L=0. Hepworth SP2 Plain Ended. This one-metre slimline ACO Threshold Drain Drainage Channel with Stainless Steel Grating is the perfect solution for preventing water from pooling around your garden patio, pathways or your home's main entranceways. For above ground, we carry top-quality channel drains for efficient rainwater drainage. Hepworth SuperSleve clay drainage system comprises a range of vitrified clay pipes, bends, junctions and fittings available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters, supplied complete with factory -fitted push-fit flexible couplings or plain ended with separate couplings to be fitted on site. 4 82. 4 82. 225. We stock a wide choice of clay drainage products from industry-favourite brand, Hepworth by Wavin. Hepworth Clay from Wavin is the No. Downloads. Hepworth Clay drainage system comprises a range of perforated and non-perforated vitrified clay pipes supplied complete with factory-fitted push-fit flexible couplings or plain ended with separate couplings to be fitted on site. 85 15 SC1/2 Coupling 100 14. Classification Pr_65_52_24. £14. Sheffield S36 4HG . Range. Hepworth Clay Technical Handbook is a comprehensive guide to the design, installation and performance of Hepworth clay drainage systems. Our range of channel drains and gullies help you manage surface water efficiently by collecting and transporting excess water on roads, car parks or industrial sites. 50 incl VAT. Bends, junctions and fittings are available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters. 00 incl VAT. Removable aluminium grate. The Hepworth SuperSleve Coupling 150mm (Dia) Black is suitable for foul and surface water drainage systems. EAN Number. Size: 100mmx1. Hepworth Clay Drainage Price List 1st July 2022 HEPWORTH CLAY & TERRACOTTA. Finish: Metal, TSI Code: 383187585, EAN Code: 5027888171825. Hepworth Terr Cap A Rge Blue 115° L=0. 1 clay drainage brand in the UK, with a reputation second to none for product quality, technical ability and customer service. Range The Hepworth domestic channel drainage range consists of: HepFlow® Linear Drainage - domestic polymer concrete drainage system. In the definitions section of the Drainage Introduction page, the three classifications of drainage (Foul, Surface and Combined) are introduced. T: 0844 856 5152 E: drainage@hepworth. 93 £ 32. 92. 16 Inc. Whether it’s domestic, adoptable, commercial or industrial drainage you are installing. Linear Channel Drainage is one of the most popular options for use with paving projects. ATLAS 1 product; ATLASPLUS 6 products; COSMOPLAST 1 product; D RAIN 1 product; HEPWORTH 1 product; NATIONA PLASTICS 1 product; SKOLAN 1 product; Water Pumps 17 products. 50 incl VAT. 77. . 2 HVT13YPKM114 110 4 110 110. Hepworth clay is a sustainable, durable, cost efficient and high performance drainage system. All external doors to have a level threshold with a proprietray drainage channel (eg. Supersleve clay drainage pipes. Open navigation menu. Outer pipe diameter . 20 15 SB2/2 45° Bend – Plain Ended 15 29. Wavin Ltd Third party certifications: QA Certificate . Hepworth Clay HepLine LP200/4 EPD. P. 61mm wide x 100mm deep x 1000mm long. Hepworth PP Adaptor SA10 BK 150. £25 off! Buy your plastic, steel or cast iron A15 ACO Channel Drainage here today with next-day delivery and excellent customer service - Shop ACO Drainage today!Hepworth Clay from Wavin is the No. Domestic Channel - Underground Drainage Supplies | Drainfast LtdThese CAD drawings have been prepared by Hepworth - Wavin and do not necessarily conform to standard FastrackCAD drawing and layering conventions. Perforated land drainage pipes used for surface water collection from highways, playing fields, sports grounds, forestry and waste tips and for general drainage. Add to basket. At Hepworth we have always believed that for future-proof drainage ‘clay is the way’ – the ultimate sustainable, durable, cost-efficient and high performance sewerage solution. Moreover, Hepworth trades through operating companies in Oman and Bahrain and exports its products globally. Threshold Luxe 60 1Mtr – Black Aluminium Safeheel Slotted Grate £ 27. Size: 100mm, Finish: Polypropylene, TSI Code. 6m x 100mm Brown. Add to basket; Threshold Luxe 60 – Corten Steel Safeheel Slotted Grating £ 32. Lifetime jetting guarantee up to 7500 psi. Size: 100mm, Finish: Vitrified Clay, TSI Code: 9783933. Foul and surface water, private drains and public sewers, land drains and soakaways, filter drains and any other ways of getting rid of water. Channels, gullies and Inspection Chambers available in a range of sizes. With exquisite craftsmanship, it exudes an. Threshold Drainage x 1m Black Aluminium Grating £27. Bends, junctions and fittings are available in 100mm, 150mm, 225mm and 300mm diameters. 63 ex. The drainage network density and the threshold value also shows a trend of power function y = ax b ; the value of b is usually 0. Twenty high quality Channel Drainage systems in durable HDPE, available with black HDPE gratings or with galvanised steel gratings. Outdoor Drainage. 25 £5. Park, Harry Weston Road, Coventry CV3 2TT. Inspection Chambers. 25. View trade pricing and product data for Hepworth - Clay, SG2/5 Grid, Spare, Clay, SuperSleve HouseDrain. . Georg. Explore our growing range of drainage solutions, from our popular A15 linear or edge slot drain channel systems to our Eezee B125 and C250 channel drainage. At Buildbase we work closely with leading industry manufacturers and suppliers ACO to supply a wide range of high-quality and competitively priced channel drains, brickslot drains, threshold drains and grates, including the popular ACO RainDrain. Pipe sizes range from 13 mm to1000 mm. 20% VAT) ( £32. Service you would expect from a recommended trusted UK company. Add to basket. Browse 174 products that are ready to. Corys Piping Systems: piping solutions for a smarter tomorrowStory. EST. Hepworth Clay pipes and fittings can be used for the majority of drainage installations. correctly installed it has a lifetim . 00 £. The clay itself is 100% natural and recycled and meets BS EN 295-1 regulations. 5 MM. Direct download. 00 £ | Osma underground drainage: 9.