On the raft itself it states good for 4 people, yet a few cans of sardines, coconuts and a few minor items make raft sink. There are 2 categories of sharks: Passive sharks Blacktip Reef Shark (PC) Grey Nurse Shark (Consoles) Whale Shark Marlin Aggressive sharks. Related: The 10 Worst Survival Games Of The Decade, Ranked (According To Metacritic)Instead of building the fire spit, just build the pit itself. Processors began canning anchovies instead of sardines, and fishermen started harvesting more anchovies. This simple little thing is your meat smoker. The Fishing Spear can be crafted or found in lockers and is useful for hunting small fish like sardines or small animals such as crabs, all for consumption. Once you have the equipment, head towards water bodies to easily catch a fish in Stranded Deep. Saving Inventory Space . Once they would be able to catch even one fish, players may cook it by getting it from their inventory. Sharks are a major fauna type encountered in Stranded Deep. 1 view 8 minutes ago. tossed a sardine on the ground and dragged it onto the fire cooked in seconds though but the. Sardine; Sea Snake; Sea Turtle; Sea Urchin; Shark; Category:Sharks; Starfish; Stingray; T The Great Abaia; The Meg; Tiger Shark; W Whale Shark; Whales; Categories Categories: Creatures; Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Obtained from cutting up yellow coconuts, drink the contents first to prevent wastage. Als Nächstes empfiehlt es sich, ein Floß zu bauen, um die größeren Fische im Meer zu fangen. It needs to be cooked, before it gets. You can get Lashing by following this guide, and Wood Sticks can be picked up on the ground or from trees by cutting them down. Nothing game changing, but when you drop a sardine on a rock (rock you can't pick up) the sardine jumps around a bit. Pacific sardines are fast growing and can grow to more than 12 inches long. Non-hostile: these types of sharks won't attack you. How do I eat sardines in SD?I've caught many sardines, I've built a campfire, I've even built the smoker but for the life of me I can't do anything with sardines. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. Stranded Deep is a cool survival game where you are stran. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. 9 Stranded Deep tips to help you start your island survival adventure. Jun 18, 2017 @ 6:43pm Save your game, exit to main menu. This simple little thing is your meat smoker. tossed a sardine on the ground and dragged it onto the fire cooked in seconds though but the fire pit itself wasnt working for the sardine. But Green does look like a great challenge. The collected water can be used for either replenishing thirst or watering Farm Plots. I thought that I'd missed, but then a notification said "Your sardine…Trying to build a raft on a small island is a pain. Bring to a boil over high heat and then reduce the heat to low and simmer for 30 minutes. In this long play, we gather resources to build shelters, farms, rafts and even a. So are pigs, crabs, seagulls, bats, pilchards, sardines, stingrays, fruit, potato and coconuts but they're all still edible just like the black tipped reef shark. It needs to be cooked, before it gets. Stack the fishes up on. By walking into shallow water, players use their spear to aim and strike the fish they want to catch. Place all of the items in a pile and craft a. . Once harvested, it will drop 6 fibrous leaves, and a Yucca Fruit will be visible. 01H. I read that sardines are okay to eat raw,however it might be outdated so I tried and I had a green border-like screen indicating NOT OKAY So are sardines okay to eat??Hey there guys! cubansandwich here with yet another delayed video because i suck and i have no real schedule. What am I doing wrong? I'm burning through 2-3 fires and they still don't smoke. With the first method, the meat is cooked but may go bad. 01H. 7. It is used the same way a Campfire is used. Get step-by-step instructions on preparing and cooking sardines, as well as tips and tricks for maximizing your food resources in the game. A little round of fishing in the game Stranded Deep. Food is anouther biggy, I can survive on sardines and coconuts for a long time. Meat inside the smoker will go through 2 cooking stages. Clay is an orange-brown colored lump that can be considered to be one of the most advanced materials one can find. Females release eggs that are fertilized externally and hatch in about 3 days. #4. Nope, it's part of a trophy. It can be crafted in the Consumables crafting section. Press q to throw it down. Additionally, if you want to automate this process you can. 11 PC experimental build. Snakes mostly mind their own business until a player approaches them. POPO. 🚨🚨🚨There is an update cooking video here : 🚨🚨🚨Stranded Deep Cooking Tutorial - In this episode we'll look at 3 ways to. -. This is how you cook fish, in Stranded Deep. Caught using a Crude Spear. I got 140 points towards about 14600 for level seven on getting a hammerhead and a goblin sharks. , 1983). Antidote is a medical item in Stranded Deep. MedThe world of Stranded Deep contains many creatures, usually found in the ocean. god dev. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. #6. Open the cartographer. JiffyPopKids Jul 30, 2016 @ 8:57am. If at any point your knife, axe, hammer, or hoe break, craft another one. The Clay (Node) is a type of minable node in Stranded Deep. Here are a few tips to help get the most out of cooking small meat: -Bake small meats on an oven rack or in an oven that is set at a low temperature. 30+ cod, and 30+ variety of seagulls, crabs, discus, archer, and sardine small meats. Refined knives are mainly used for skinning any kind of animal in the game for rawhide and meat, sometimes also being. Kind of afraid to eat these sardines the role of a plane crash survivor stranded somewhere in the Pacific Ocean. To hotkey an item, wield the item in your hands, and then hold down the hotkey you wish to bind it to, until you hear the activation sound. #9. it'll be fixed. However, the yucca fruit will not respawn. This is because Quwawa and Kura. 5. Sardines can be killed and skinned using a refined knife . I can't eat them raw, I can't place them on the campfire, and I can't seem to place them in the smoker. The Southern African sardine Sardinops sagax (Pappe, 1854), also known as pilchard is a small pelagic species of the Clupeidae family, distributed off the Benguela Upwelling System (BUS) (Beckley. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. And no, palm trees do not grow back, so harvest them wisely. Stranded Deep. . Then, find something relatively square that can be propped up against one side of the fire, like a fuel tank or gas can. But I am strating to get to a point where I dont have anything to do thats productive . Needs to be improved on. tossed a sardine on the ground and dragged it onto the fire cooked in seconds though but the fire pit itself wasnt working for the sardine. Last edited by Munki; Apr 22, 2015 @ 2:04am #7. Heat a pan over medium heat and add a tablespoon of olive oil. The Crude Spear is a craftable tool item found in Stranded Deep. By. The refined pick is used for harvesting rock and clay from respective nodes. lol ok thanks. Harv Feb 18, 2018 @ 9:28pm. Step 1: Catch a Fish. These trees can be cut down with crude axes, refined axes, refined knives, stone tools,. In addition, with cloth and stick and lashing, no reason why you cannot put a cover on rubber raft for UV protection. The Sardine doesn't cause the player any negative effects when eaten. Boat Motors are one of the propulsion options, players can craft to enhance their Raft. Several sardine species are prominent in the Benguela, California, Canary, and Humboldt currents (Parrish et al. Tried holding LMB. 01H. The Hook is a building structure in Stranded Deep. You have to use a bandage. After crafting the tanning rack, follow these steps to craft leather: Open the Crafting menu. Kind of afraid to eat these sardines of afraid to eat these sardines caught many sardines, I've built a campfire, I've even built the smoker but for the life of me I can't do anything with sardines. is a first person, open world survival video game, developed and published by Australian developer BEAM Team Games for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X and announced for Linux, but the Linux version has yet to be released as of 2018. 16) Check out my channel for more videos like this. Now, if you take fish/crabs/shark meat, and prop them between the object and the fire, so that they're touching the fire's collision box, they'll stay and cook, so. For one, they. By. Smoked food doesn't spoil, unlike cooked food. All my googling says hold a crab in your hand and left click on the fire spit when it says "fire spit" on the screen and it does not work. 1 Lashing. Currently each of the containers has 5 storage slots (5 on console). . It can be found on every small island. Wood Container is one of the storage items found in Stranded Deep. When the sardines are cooked, remove them from the pan and serve. Rafts are a crucial part of Stranded Deep. title says it allI read that sardines are okay to eat raw,however it might be outdated so I tried and I had a green border-like screen indicating NOT OKAY So are sardines okay to eat?? Anmelden Shop Startseite Entdeckungsliste Wunschliste Punkteshop Neuigkeiten StatistikenOriginally posted by NukeAJS: You have to use a bandage. It is a torn volleyball with the words Wollie on its side, it also has fronds stuffed into and protruding from its gaping opening to emulate hair, and a red bloodied handprint. Niveau 3. I went looting at the wreck in the background and had a shark attack. You can wander into the sea and spear sardines, but try to use the same weapon on. fishing spear bug. Stranded Deep: How to Cook a Fish. Very frustrating return to the game!4x Wood Stick. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. Just enough to keep me fed while I strip the island of all wood, etc and explore the wrecks. When using a Plank Station, Palm Trees do not need to. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. Currently there isn't but if you feel confident with exploring your neighbouring island with a lighter and a make-shift-axe you intend to leave behind, you can use 7 inventory-slots to carry stuff back, while still being able to do everything on the other island. :) (v0. Interactable fish will have a name show when you hover over them, such as Sardine Fish or Discus Fish. Another way to cook a bunch of stuff at once is to build a couple of foundations at the same height as the top of the fire and then drag your raft over and place it on the foundations. It's in the crafting menu under consumables. Tudo Discussões Capturas de tela Artes Transmissões Vídeos Notícias Guias Análises. Stranded Deep is an open-world survival game developed by Australian-based independent game development studio BEAM Team Games. anyways! i played stranded deep today and got. Mostly it works but sometimes I think when I am under water and want to grab the sardine from the spear this happens. N/A. Each tool-belt level unlocks more hotkey slots as well as the next level tool-belt. Interactable fish will have a name show when you hover over them, such as Sardine Fish or Discus Fish. . However, Palm Saplings, and Aloe Vera Plant can still be found on it. When mined, it will gradually give a total of 6 rocks. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. It can also smoke food, if left on the top part for a longer time. Completable in about 10 seconds! Craft a Crude Fishing Spear and look for fish in the water. Dies kann durch das Herstellen eines Angelwerkzeugs wie einem Speer geschehen, mit dem man in Stranded Deep eine Menge Dinge fangen kann. There are no Palm Trees, Pine Trees, Ficus Trees, Yucca Trees or Pine Saplings unlike on the other islands. Archer fish Blacktip Reef Shark (Console) Cod Discus Fish Giant Grouper Fish Lionfish Sardine. Pacific sardines are a small but sometimes numerous fish closely intertwined with California’s fishing history. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. Completable in about 10 seconds! Craft a Crude Fishing Spear and look for fish in the water. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. Or spend 2 minutes in deeper water and get three or four grouper or cod. The most important thing about cooking is to have the right oven. See the sidebar for rules, info…I've put these on the smoker (hanging) right after catching and add wood to the fire. liquidmind Jan 25, 2015 @ 3:18pm. 18/fev. April 21, 2020. Kind of afraid to eat these sardines little round of fishing in the game Stranded Deep. S (PS4) Stranded Deep. Stranded Deep > General Discussions > Topic Details. Must be cut up to be eaten. Hier geht es ums nackte Überleben nach einem Flugzeugabsturz im Ozean. 5 minutes. I've caught many sardines, I've built a campfire, I've even built the smoker but for the life of me I can't do anything with sardines. Stranded at sea after a plane crash, Today we learn how to SPEAR FISH. Players can plant this yucca fruit in a farming plot to grow more yucca trees. the island that is red is where you are at. We tell you everything you need to know. Threw a spear and hit a sardine. 37. When the sardines are cooked, remove them from the pan and serve. Kind of afraid to eat these sardines Smoker is a structure that can be built in Stranded Deep. Fishing for sardines and drinking up coconuts! On day 2 of the Island we try to settle in by making sure we have a food and water source so we can begin building on the. 0 2 1 Small Meat. Venez découvrir tout ce qu'il faut savoir sur la partie : "Feu de camp" du jeu Stranded Deep dans son wiki. Same problem here, i managed to cook a sardine by throwing it on the fire earlier (and it stayed there) but since then everything i throw on the fire flies back off :S #1 Str3loK The Crude Spear is a craftable tool item found in Stranded Deep. What are sardines for in Stranded Deep? Sardines are tiny passive swimmers that are mostly found in shallow waters. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. tossed a sardine on the ground and dragged it onto the fire cooked in seconds though but the fire pit itself wasnt working for the sardine. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. You can eat archerfish, frontosa, discus and sardines raw, anything else lionfish, clown triggers and angelfish are poisonous. . How do I eat sardines in SD? You need to craft a refined knife to skin them first. title says it allNothing game changing, but when you drop a sardine on a rock (rock you can't pick up) the sardine jumps around a bit. I ate mostly crab and coconut, but had eaten at least three sardines. Jul 10, 2017 @ 8:11am. And no, palm trees do not grow back, so harvest them wisely. Unlike the smoker, there is no interaction button for placing meat, the player must drop the meat onto the top. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. In order to cook food, the player will first need to craft a Campfire with five Wood Sticks. 26K subscribers in the strandeddeep community. However, if you attack them, there is a chance they'll swim away. Several sardine species are prominent in the Benguela, California, Canary, and Humboldt currents (Parrish et al. png Can be found in all regions, varying in color. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. Eedrah Jan 25, 2015 @ 8:58am. I've looked up how to do this and I click on the fire spit with the uncooked item and I just eat it. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. Much later in the game I've noticed you can expand your storage "belt", to use the number keys; I'm nowhere near that. Guide: Things I've learnt. Below is the table of animals which provide small meat: Small meat takes 1 in-game hour to cook and an additional 1 in-game hour to smoke. left a sardine there for a few minutes and it never cooked tried again for 20 mins this time and also never cooked. #3. 27 janvier 2015 à 12:52:37. Once you reach the Island, explore for any shipwrecks on the Island as they can be a great source for valuable items. They can be found on any big island. Select the “ Tools ” tab. 01H. The author of this thread has indicated that this post answers the original topic. Rafts are created from three components - a base, a floor and propulsion. smoke it on a smoker: 1. ) So the idea that a trap only catches one fish at a time is a little unrealistic. The Discus can be caught with a spear or fishing spear, the Discus can be eaten without any negative effects. How do I eat sardines in SD?I've caught many sardines, I've built a campfire, I've even built the smoker but for the life of me I can't do anything with sardines. Crude Spears deal the same amount of damage as Arrows, but stack lower. 01H. 17/fev. Stranded Deep Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Just as the Building of a Fire is a huge difrence. 3. Refined pickaxes are the only tools in the. The game is hard coded to provide you everything you need, its up to you to use thise resources correctly. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. They can also be found by mining rock nodes. 1 The Meat Smoker. ago. You can get large meat from: Sharks: The first thing you'll need to know is that there are two categories of sharks in Stranded Deep, aggressive and non-hostile. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. Simply walk up to it with the wood sticks in hand and press “E”/”Square”/”X”. The following are useful tips for when the player is divjng for fish. Stack the fishes up on. Wow so I'm on ps4 hoping your seed would be useful but when I clicked the link daayyyuuuum you got so many more islands on PC. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. Stranded Deep Survival game Gaming. Exploring, crafting, swimming and sailing our way from island to island. Dieser Fisch muss vor dem Verzehr mit einem Messer ausgenommen und das Fleisch anschließend über einer Feuerstelle gegart werden, ansonsten. Aquatic animals are one of the three categories of wildlife in Stranded Deep. Yup. Stranded Deep. It also helps the player, in the sense that the player is starving and needs a lot of food. . Clay nodes are slightly red piles of clay that appear on the east side of every island in lots of 5 to 7. Pacific sardines are a small but sometimes numerous fish closely intertwined with California’s fishing history. Random musings of things I've learnt playing Stranded Deep on the PS4. Day 8 of my playthrough of Stranded Deep. ok thx. By the second island you need to have made a refined pick, just for rocks. ago. #2. Pacific mackerel feed on plankton (tiny floating plants and animals) and the younger stages of all the pelagic species such as anchovies and sardines, as well as their own young. Both can be killed for food, but the strategy you use will vary depending on the shark's behavior. Yucca trees take around 1-3 in-game days to regrow after being harvested. It will eventually break into two separate pieces. Young pine trees are a small, common type of fauna found on extratropical islands. . 01H. These creatures need sorting, they may not be in the game any longer: File:Frontosa. Wow lack of tutorial much?Aloe Salve is a medical item introduced to the game with version 0. Clay is an orange-brown colored lump that can be considered to be one of the most advanced materials one can find. How do I eat sardines in SD?Nothing game changing, but when you drop a sardine on a rock (rock you can't pick up) the sardine jumps around a bit. Stranded Deep Tool Belt. But yeah, build 5 bird snares and a smoker and you will not have to worry about hunger. 27K subscribers in the strandeddeep community. . left a sardine there for a few minutes and it never cooked tried again for 20 mins this time and also never cooked. “Coastal Pelagic Species” on the West Coast include Pacific sardine, Pacific mackerel, jack mackerel, northern anchovy, market squid, and krill. . This includes your raft. Multiple fish, are fish, not fishes. It can be used to store items, same as your backpack. " consistent to replicate, just wanted to drop a report! keep up the good work, we're loving the multiplayer! killing it yallleft a sardine there for a few minutes and it never cooked tried again for 20 mins this time and also never cooked. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. Then, the player can place the Fire Spit on top of the fire pit. Dans Stranded Deep, la faim est une notion qui peut vous épuiser très rapidement si elle n'est pas gérée correctement. A climate-driven northward shift by sardines could cause a decline in landings of the. Yup. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. - If you don't want to stand there and hold the item over the fire you need to create a fire spit which allows you to hang your food above the fire. Stranded Deep. Just go swimming (explore a wreck, catch some fish or mine some clay) in the middle of the day, and you will cool off enough that you don't need to worry about Aloe Salves. The amount of rock nodes on each island varies, but at. Tried defaulting keys, checking files and still nothing. Meat is a food type found in Stranded Deep. It can be crafted in the Consumables crafting section. #3. I dont ever seem to have time to…Stranded Deep Survival game Gaming comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment. Equip the spear to your hand with L1 circle menu. #11. wilmer007. Note that the consumables crafting section isn't. I have been having a whopping time in Stranded Deep and have managed to survive ten days! Over the course I learned how to provide myself with everlasting wa. What are some things I can build to make food and water easier to find? Is farming something I should focus on. In Stranded Deep, you will find a total of 17 different animals and creatures. Similar to building huts on land, you can add. Farming can be a safe and effective way to generate food at the cost of fresh water. is it true if i eat raw sardines i will not be sick?They don’t spoil! After the ding you will hear a ringing noise about the same duration it took to cook it. Iniciar sesión Tienda Inicio Lista de descubrimientos Lista de deseados Tienda de puntos Noticias EstadísticasNothing game changing, but when you drop a sardine on a rock (rock you can't pick up) the sardine jumps around a bit. It is used to immediately cure the effects of Sunstroke and protects the player from it for 12 in-game hours. in my trap over night one only too. bless his little harmless soul. Currently each of the containers has 5 storage slots (5 on console). I can't eat them raw, I can't place them on the campfire, and I can't seem to place them in the smoker. 3 Yucca trees will spawn on an island, giving each island. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. It is useful to expand your backpack storage, so you can carry more items from other islands back to your main island. Cooking the Sardines. All Discussions. Yucca Trees are a type of plant. . My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. Smoked food doesn't spoil, unlike cooked food. Either decrease the spawn of sardines or make the crude spear wear down it's durability or do both. Nothing game changing, but when you drop a sardine on a rock (rock you can't pick up) the sardine jumps around a bit. Sardines will try to avoid the player, and due to their small size, they can be difficult to spear but are a safer alternative to larger fish swimming in deeper waters. There are two ways to cook. Jun 21, 2015 @ 2:26pm That barbecue grill idea is really good, might have to do that when I get round to building a house! :D #6 < > Showing 1-6 of 6. You must be on an old copy and not on the PlayStation cuz. Fish for sardines with a homemade fishing rod. Thanks, found it. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Just like the Rock (Node), it gives 6 of its resource (clay) when mined with a refined pick. Oddly, the Paddle can be attached to the wall hook. it will never spoil when smoked. Heat a pan over medium heat and add a tablespoon of olive oil. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. Introduction. On a piece of shark meat, I am fairly sure I got 3 sardines. Get step-by-step instructions on preparing and cooking sardines, as well as tips and tricks for maximizing your food resources in the game. Various larger fish (such as sharks and tunas), marine mammals, and seabirds eat Pacific mackerel. How do I eat sardines in SD?when you fish in private game multiplayer im getting a repeat spam message for objects floating away after picking the sardine off my fishing spear "the sardine is floating far away. Aim focus with L2 trigger and fire with R2 trigger. It will say “Smoked Cooked {Size} Meat” definitely recommend. /2015 às 7:40. 2. If you select using a knife, all you need to do is head to the inventory and select a fish. Dr. The unofficial wikipedia guide for Stranded Deep, within this guide I detail each obtainable item within Stranded Deep, along with the creatures of the current build. /2015 às 12:14 Spear is just wierd IMO. Schritt 1: Einen Fisch fangen. Sardine; Shark; T Tiger Shark; W Whale Shark; Categories Categories: Consumables; Items; Stranded Deep; Languages. Once the sardines are prepared, you can start cooking them. There are 2 ways to cure poisoning: Consuming an antidote. Press [TAB] to open your inventory and click on an item to equip it. 01H. #1. Stranded Deep is a cool survival game where you are stran. How do I eat sardines in SD?Strangely, I got this at the 10 day mark, despite haven eaten sardines. The type of shark that can be found depends on the location being explored. Peter Venkman Apr 17, 2015 @ 1:53pm. Jan 24, 2015 @ 8:55am i just made it aboard and island i had to swim a half a mile to get to because my raft dissapeared right from under. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. I have eaten a few sardines and not gotten sick. Green you need all kinds of food types, Protiens and others. Not sure if this happens with all hunting creatures but this needs a nerf badly otherwise it is like the next OP potato from 0. TVout My Site! Always Improving!Forget to. Stranded Deep was free on the Epic Games Store and now the big question is: Can Stranded Deep be played online? Literally, that question is all over Google T. However, the yucca fruit will not respawn. Exploitable glitches in stranded deep Speed Usage. Multiple predators depended on. Rafts are a crucial part of Stranded Deep. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. inventory had 2 other uncooked sardines, a knife, a crafted axe, hammer, a lighter and water bottle. There are 3 Giant Crabs on the. Select the “ Leather ” option. It can only be crafted. i hope the dev. My Crude Spear stays at 100% Durability when hunting over 50 sardines already. LOCATION: Shallow waters and reefs. Unique Visitors. Andyman286 • 2 yr. simking.