toolsmith minecraft. Because a villager is a passive mob, it will never attack you in the game (Creative or Survival mode). toolsmith minecraft

 
 Because a villager is a passive mob, it will never attack you in the game (Creative or Survival mode)toolsmith minecraft  put it in a command block

. Masons have the stonecutter. The simplest approach to get a toolsmith villager in Minecraft is to discover a pre-existing one in a village. Web minecraft toolsmith/blacksmith tutorial (minecraft 1. Toolsmith. If the pickaxe is enchanted with Fortune, it may drop an extra piece per level of Fortune, up to a maximum of 4 with Fortune III. Players can sell items to weaponsmiths, receiving emeralds in return. The Fletcher Villager works with the Fletching Table work station. Barrel. To get V, you'll have to combine it with another equal tiered (for example, diamond and iron won't work) tool that has Efficiency IV, or better yet an Efficiency IV book at an anvil. This will turn them into a toolsmith villager. ①無職の村人を用意する. A grindstone is a block that repairs items and tools as well as removing enchantments from them, except for curses. Web a small ancient greek style house. Toolsmith Minecraft is a tool store that specializes in selling tools, which are used for harvesting resources. You need four planks of any wood and two iron ingots to craft a smithing table. A sizeable coal vein (Image via Mojang) It is common for a novice-level weaponsmith to buy 15 coals for one emerald. So far, I have upgraded six villagers to the expert level, and none of them offered the shovel trade (but always had the other two). Build afk farms. There are currently 15 villager jobs for Minecraft characters – well, sort of. Players can obtain diamond tools by becoming a toolsmith, a weaponsmith, or a blacksmith, three villager professions. If a villager has already been traded for something else, they can’t change jobs. They can take the form of a literal "hall", with villagers lined up and waiting for the player to trade with. If you provide it with a new job block. In Java Edition, apprentice-level armorer. Search Search Planet Minecraft. Fletcher is the rarest of all villager professions. In return, the Butcher provides you with Rabbit Stew, Cooked Porkchop, Cooked Chicken, and Emeralds. Toolsmiths come particularly handy because they can turn mined materials into emeralds and supply enchanted diamond axes, pickaxes, and shovels. Or on Bedrock Edition, Pocket Edition aka Windows 10, iOS or Android phones. Toolsmith - Smithing Table; Weaponsmith - Grindstone; Here are all the items needed for crafting each workstation block in Minecraft: Blast Furnace: Five iron ingots, one furnace, and three smooth. It is required to cure zombie villagers. Armorer/Weaponsmith/Toolsmith – 15 Coal For 1 Emerald (Novice) When it comes to the best Emerald trades in Minecraft, there are three villagers that players must visit: the Armorer (blast. So far, I have upgraded six villagers to the expert level, and none of them offered the shovel trade (but always had the other two). A pickaxe mines faster and can obtain more block types as items depending on the material it is made from. RELATED: Minecraft: The Best Tool Enchantments, Ranked. Clothing details may vary depending on the. Step 1: Locate a Village. Villagers with jobs will also wear a badge. Shepherds have their loom. json","path":"entities/allay. ⚒️ Dive into the industrious world of Minecraft and unlock the secrets of tool crafting with the Toolsmith Villager! In this comprehensive tutorial, we'll wa. Materials:112 Spruce Planks79 Stripped Spruce Logs17 Spruce Slabs9 Spruce Stairs2 Lanterns1 Spruce Door1 Smithing TableI haven't tested if it removes normal crafting from tools and weapons, but it shouldn't. Zombie Villager/Professions. Alternatively, players can also find and obtain Smithing Table inside toolsmith houses in villages. previous trades are irrelevant with all villagers. Obtain rare items like saddles and name tags. Emeralds -> Enchanted Diamond Shovel. An unemployed village turns into a toolsmith by taking the job at a smithing table. There is one fault with the method Minecraft uses to spawn villages, and that is the fact they can be generated pretty much anywhere. ago. A bell can be mined by hand or with any tool, but using a pickaxe is fastest. There are currently 15 villager jobs in Minecraft. 20, 1. I assumed the toolsmith would have one but I've tried and (almost) fully leveled up about 8 toolsmiths and none of them sold diamond shovels. We also have a list of the best Minecraft 2023 shaders, and the best Minecraft 2023 texture packs for you to use with the new update. These Villagers will sell Tools of varying qualities (including occasional Enchanted ones!) once assigned this Job. At the beginning, a villager is at the novice level. They trade a variety of tools for emeralds and will additionally trade emeralds for certain ores. In Java Edition, apprentice-level armorer. Once this happens, Minecraft players can place down a lectern near the now unemployed villager. Diamond pickaxe is the final, Master trade for toolsmiths in both Java and Bedrock. Minecraft: Traders - description Minecraft guide, tips. The first step to getting a toolsmith villager is to find a village. This can be used to. An axe can be repaired in an anvil by adding units of the tier's repair material, with each repair material restoring 25% of the axe's maximum durability, rounded down. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. Villager plains weaponsmith with arms 1. An armorer is involved in trading armor pieces. 19/1. This. Craft the 2x planks into x2 sticks. KrisAnimations • yesterday. A smithing table is a utility block used to alter tools and armor at the cost of a smithing template and the appropriate material. However, if the structure generates partly on an overhang, water, etc. Premium Powerups Explore Gaming. Shepherds have their loom. Minecraft Toolsmith Trades Explained RajCraft 85. There are 13 different jobs that a villager can have, 14 if you consider the basic villager to be a job. This villager will be able to trade all kinds of tool. Unlike other professions, the butcher offers only food products for exchange. When a block of gravel is mined, there is a 10% chance for a single piece of flint to drop instead of the gravel block. r/Minecraft. Brewing Stand. ↑ In Bedrock Edition‌[until BE 1. A smithing table is a crafting block used for two functions. A typical smithing table (more often called a workbench) might feature a vice for holding things in place, a tool rack for keeping tools organized, rulers for measuring things, wheels so it can be moved around the workshop, and perhaps shelves or drawers for storing components. You can also exchange coal and iron ingots for emeralds. Once the villager becomes a master toolsmith, you can get diamond gear in exchange for emeralds or other in-game materials. A smithing table in Minecraft serves as both a work area for the toolsmith and an upgrade from diamond to netherite for gear. How To Craft A Smithing Table. Minecraft villager trading toolsmith made simple. Savanna Village houses are made of brown banners, acacia wood planks, acacia logs, yellow glazed terracotta, orange terracotta, and yellow terracotta. Pickaxes can be repaired in an anvil by adding units of. 2 million creative members sharing everything Minecraft since 2010! Even if you don't post your. Librarians have lecterns, and Farmers have the composter. CMD: /give [Username] command_block. Step 1: Find a Village. When killed, they will drop unbreakable iron weapons, tools, or armor. The blast furnace in Minecraft is used for smelting ores and tools. For enchantments, you place the enchantment book in the second slot. The Butcher is a Villager who’ll mainly give you different types of cooked meats. . Brewing Stand. You can get arrows, flint, bow, and crossbows from low-level fletchers. To do this you need to have wood and then iron ingots. To trade with villagers, they need to be near a job-site block; these blocks essentially dictate the villager's job. Flint is a mineral obtained from gravel. Unbreaking and Fortune go up to III, and Efficiency goes up to V. Here are the crafting recipes for the following items in Minecraft: barrel, brewing stand, stonecutter, lectern, composter, smoker and more 6 items. com Get All . Meaning of toolsmith. You can use woods and iron ingots to craft a Smithing table. The post was only made 2 months ago. Chop a tree nearby to get the planks, and head into a cave to mine some iron. Weaponsmiths will sell players a bunch of items too – for the price of a few emeralds – depending on the value of the item sold. ‌[Bedrock Edition and Minecraft Education only] Sugar can be fed to horses to. Gravel mined using a tool with Silk Touch or gravel that fell on a non-solid block never produces flint. Note that any enchantment on anything increases the cost of. An axe is a tool used to hasten the breaking of wood-based or other tough organic blocks, strip or scrape certain blocks, or as a melee weapon that can disable shields it hits. Best Minecraft Villager Trades for Farming Emeralds. The weaponsmith sells enchanted and unenchanted weapons, a bell and. 8 villager trades : r/minecraft Villager. Emeralds -> Enchanted Diamond Axe. Besides Nitwits and Unemployed, all the other jobs are the primary professions. The leatherworker’s job block is the cauldron. Their outfit varies according to their occupation and biome. put it in a command block. We all know that tools are as important to a player as food. In a world full of ravines, rivers, cliffs, and canyons, bridges are an essential structure to navigate these deadly terrains. ; ↑ a b The number of items expected per chest, averaged over a large number of chests. How to Make an Armourer Villager in Minecraft (All Versions)Music (By C418): for more short Minecraft tu. Of course, you could simply craft some of the tools they offer. Villages are randomly generated constructions that may be discovered in numerous biomes, resembling plains, savannas, deserts, and taigas. Drops []. When you find the cream. Players can sell items to weaponsmiths, receiving emeralds in return. Bells can generate naturally in all village variants, usually near the center of the village in the meeting point. Once they do so. You can also use a smithing table to change a villager's job to a Toolsmith, which will open up more trading options with that said villager. Iron is a common mineral, which can also be farmed automatically by building an iron farm. Smithing netheriteMinecraft table smithing does crafting gamerheadquarters details uses other Smithing netherite utilisations moyens diamant forgeSmithing farrier netherite demirci masası yapımı. Below you can see a description of all the recipes: pictures with. The job assigned to the villager will determine what trades they will offer. But what about the village’s most important member – the toolsmith, who makes the tools used by all the other villagers? They have our block of. This page documents the layer-by-layer composition of a given generated structure, terrain feature, or feature. Wonderful Buildings for your world!!If you enjoyed, leave a like and subscribe to support me. By default, players can sell three iron ingots for. Destroy the job site block that the villager is currently using. Materials:112 Spruce Planks79 Stripped Spruce Logs17 Spruce Slabs9 Spruce Stairs2 Lanterns1 Spruce Door1 Smithing TableFletcher. An ore drops a. A pickaxe is a tool required to mine ores, rocks, rock-based blocks and metal-based blocks quickly and obtain them as items. Toolsmith: Minecraft’s Toolsmith is best used for the late-game areas of Minecraft. A hoe can be repaired in an anvil by. This page documents the layer-by-layer composition of a given generated structure, terrain feature, or feature. Smithing toolsmith tablesTrading minecraft seed, minecraft castle, minecraft tips, minecraft Minecraft smithing table: how to make and use it like a proTrades trading. Feel free to give feedbacks and suggestions. 2. Tools can be repaired; see Item repair. Masons have the stonecutter. Villager trading has many advantages. Toolsmith. -Tool#1 didn't have a coal trade, so I destroyed the workstation and visibly saw the toolsmith turn back into an unemployed villager. As the name suggests, toolsmith trades various. 2 ratings were given to 2 entries between March 22 @ 9:00 pm UTC and March 24 @ 9:00 pm UTC. The Smithing Table is a craftable item in Minecraft that players can make once they have the required materials. How To Craft A Smithing Table. They can then trade various types of weapons for emeralds. Use Netherite in New Smithing Table. The Butcher is a Villager who’ll mainly give you different types of cooked meats. Diamond ore can be mined using an iron pickaxe or stronger. The quality of a villager's trades improves as they gain experience by trading with you. Elements of clothing may differ for armored dwellers of different biomes. smithing table will be given to the player with the nickname. By default, players can sell three iron ingots for. A bell can be mined by hand or with any tool, but using a pickaxe is fastest. A sizeable coal vein (Image via Mojang) It is common for a novice-level weaponsmith to buy 15 coals for one emerald. With the smithing table you need to place it down next to a unemployed villager. Please like and subscribe to my channel. From crafting to trading, Minecraft armorers are an important NPC - discover their many benefits and features in our latest article. However, while you may expect the villagers to want emeralds for every trade, there is a surprisingly complicated tiered system that changes with each update. The enchanted iron pickaxe is sold by the toolsmith. 19, 1. In Bedrock Edition, must be an ID of an entity type (without namespace). Top 5 Minecraft Villagers #5 - Toolsmith. マイクラ(マインクラフト)における、道具鍛冶の厳選方法についてまとめています。. If you're getting swords, you're trading with a weaponsmith, not a toolsmith. Open the Crafting Menu. -Placed the Smithing Table a second time. One lectern generates as part of each ancient city, in the secret room at the city center. Moreover, the melting rate in it is higher than in the furnace. 1)の情報をもとに執筆しています。A weaponsmith villager is a type of villager in Minecraft that specializes in selling weapons. He’ll trade Emeralds, Coals, Dried Kelp Blocks, Sweet Berries, and Meats such as Chicken, Porkchop, Rabbit, Mutton, and Beef. ; ↑ a b The weight of this item relative to other items in the pool. The toolsmith subtype sells enchanted iron shovels, sometimes those have silk touch on them. Empty lecterns can generate naturally in village libraries, up to two for some library variants. When mined with a Fortune-enchanted tool, this chance increases to 16% at Fortune I, 25% at Fortune II, and 100% at Fortune III. Luckily, these villagers provide some of the best trades in Minecraft. Villagers are passive mobs that inhabit villages, work at their professions, breed, and interact with each other. Toolsmith Block. You can recognize the butcher by the white apron and pink headband. Of course, you could simply craft some of the tools they offer. -Tool#1 didn't have a coal trade, so I destroyed the workstation and visibly saw the toolsmith turn back into an unemployed villager. The fletching table currently has no right-click functionality; though, if right-clicked in spectator mode, it shows the crafting. Each villager profession goes hand in hand with a job block that the villagers. . Moreover,. At Apprentice Level, Armorer, Toolsmith, and Weaponsmith unlock iron ingot trade. 13 or 1. Get the game! Please SUBSCRIBE to my YouTube Channel Minecraft How to Build a Medieval Village The Toolsmith I know that many of you already wanted the. A fletching table is a fletcher's job site block that can generate naturally in villages. But what about the village’s most important member – the toolsmith, who makes the tools used by all the other villagers? Toolsmith: Minecraft’s Toolsmith is best used for the late-game areas of Minecraft. If you're savvy in Minecraft, you can breed the villagers and assign professions to them on your own. All crafting recipes contain a detailed description, screenshots, a list of ingredients and step-by-step instructions. Grindstones can be obtained using any pickaxe. यहां Minecraft villages में उनके संबंधित villagers के साथ वर्कस्टेशन ब्लॉक की पूरी सूची है:: Villagers Professions. The Smithing Table is the block or job block that assigns the role of Toolsmith to an unemployed villager. Which is better: an anvil or a toolsmith's table? These blocks have different tasks. jar, and the entire default resource. First, let’s talk about the Toolsmiths. When you have finished customizing your villager trades, click on the. How to craft enchanted iron pickaxe. Huh. In most cases, the axe and the sword are level four and level five respectively. The smithing table is a utility block found within villages, which can upgrade diamonds tools to Netherite Tools. The Toolsmith can be found near a smithing table. all at apprentice. In this #Shorts Minecraft guide, discover the best Minecraft villager trades! For example, there's two S tier trades that allow you to get infinite emeralds. Toolsmith Picture of a Toolsmith (Image via Mojang) Job Block: Smithing Table. Join. They serve as a convenient way to get new items, as well as providing experience so you can level up. A smithing table is a utility block used to alter tools and armor at the cost of a smithing template and the appropriate material. 17, 1. the Smithing Table was a toolsmith’s. Fletcher. Pickaxes can be repaired in an anvil by adding units of the tier's repair material, with. What does toolsmith mean? Information and translations of toolsmith in the most comprehensive. ; ↑ a b The odds of finding any of this item in a single chest. net dictionary. Minecraft’s villagers, just like people in the so-called “real world”, need a place to work. Their outfit varies according to their occupation and biome. The weaponsmith is exactly the weapon alternative to the toolsmith, all the way down to his insane proposal of 1 diamond for 1 emerald. Toolsmith - Smithing Table; Weaponsmith - Grindstone;. Additional resources. Or a top level trade with a tool smith might get a player a placeable, decorative, functional lamp/lantern. 20 is the more powerful new Smithing table that allows you to customize your armor, not only upgrade it. These items are essentially profession-based workstations, such as a Blast Furnace. I think it's only efficiency 3. 1. Regarding tools, this villager offers the best trades in Minecraft. Toolsmith's job site block is a smithing table that can be crafted using four planks and two iron ingots. Web toolsmith's house published feb 5th, 2 weeks ago 427 views, 19 today 106 downloads, 8 today 5 2 download schematic arppixg06 level 24 : The player can still trade with villagers during a raid. The contents generate when a player interacts with the chest by opening it, placing a hopper under it, inserting an item using a hopper, or destroying it. How to Craft and Use a Smithing Table in MinecraftIn this video, I show you how to craft a smithing table in Minecraft, and then how to use a smithing table. Find out what toolsmith buys and sells, how to summon him, and some interesting facts about his profession. Librarians have lecterns, and Farmers have the composter. A villager is a passive mob. When. In later trade levels, he will eventually trade a single diamond of yours for a single emerald of his. This is a really cool project as it has a built-in redstone mechanism that. Hi guys Miles here just thought that I should do a Minecraft tutorial on villagers. 3) Toolsmith. How to use armor trims in Minecraft. It can be found in most biomes in Minecraft. net website will help you easily understand how to make these items in Minecraft. Minecraft Villager Houses The Toolsmith [Minecraft Tutorial] World By finding one in a village or by converting a zombie villager into one. A smithing table also. Our site is a reliable and convenient place where you can safely download Minecraft mods for. In the crafting menu, place one slimeball in the center of the second row, followed by two pieces of string in the first two boxes of the first row, and one more piece. . A grindstone is a unique utility block that provides an alternative method for players to repair items. Use Netherite in New Smithing Table. , a platform of blocks generates beneath the building in a square‌[JE only] or circular‌[BE only] shape. Librarian. The first 2 are super easy. These Three Villagers Can Give You Diamond ToolsArmorers, weaponsmiths and toolsmiths trade 4 iron for 1 emerald. Toolsmith: Smithing Table; Weaponsmith: Grindstone; How to craft Minecraft Villager job blocks. It is the workplace of an armorer. Below you can see a detailed description of this command to learn how to create tool smith in Minecraft. If a village has a smithing table but no toolsmith, any nearby Villager without a profession has a chance to. According to the Wiki and some forums, an Expert-level Toolsmith villager can offer three types of trades: Diamond -> Emerald. Grindstones can be obtained using any pickaxe. You can use woods and iron ingots to craft a Smithing table. Villager trading halls maximize the number of villagers that can be easily reached. Trading – official minecraft wiki5 best weaponsmith villager trades in minecraft Weaponsmith skinsMinecraft blacksmith taiga village weaponsmith build. Placing a grindstone near an unemployed villager will create a weaponsmith villager (Image via Minecraft) The first thing that players need to know is that. To learn more about smithing tables and Minecraft, read the most recent blogs on the BrightCHAMPS blog page. This requires: open chat (press “T”) write command /summon minecraft:villager. How to Make a Toolsmith Villager in Minecraft (All Versions)Music (By C418): for more short Minecraft tu. A prime example of that is the armor trims we got this update. 2 million creative members sharing everything Minecraft since 2010! Even if you don't post your own creations, we always appreciate feedback on ours. Place your planks in a 2×2 configuration at the bottom two rows towards the left. How to build a ToolSmith in MinecraftBuild materials: at 📺 Wiki 除另有声明,转载时均必须 注明出处 若簡繁轉換出錯,請以遊戲內為準 请勇于 扩充与修正 内容 有兴趣逛逛 我们的微博 吗 沟通交流,欢迎到 社区专页 需要协助,请在 告示板 留言Minecraft Toolsmith Villager. The fletching table is used to turn an unemployed villager into a fletcher. This is one of the unconventional ways of using a toolsmith's table. Stonecutter. . The armorer is dressed in brown clothes, gloves are on his hands, and a goggle mask is on his head. ↑ a b The size of stacks (or for unstackable items, number) of this item on any given roll. For example, you could summon a villager with. craft any type of wood into 2x wooden planks. The contents generate when a player interacts with the chest by opening it, placing a hopper under it, inserting. updated Sep 12, 2022. In the 1. Shovels, pickaxes, and axes could be provided. Detailed descriptions and step-by-step instructions provided on the Minecraft-Max. Small Toolsmith House Tutorial || Minecraft 1. How to Make a Weaponsmith Villager in Minecraft (All Versions)Music (By C418): for more short Minecraft. Image via Minecraft. 20 Guide To Villager Trading🟪Twitch: armorer, toolsmith, and weaponsmith villagers buy one diamond for an emerald as part of their tradesExpert-level armorer,‌ [รุ่น Bedrock เท่านั้น] Journeyman-level Armorer villagers have a 40% chance of offering to buy one diamond for one emerald. Smithing Table can convert a villager into a Toolsmith villager. First, open your crafting table so that you have the 3x3 crafting grid that looks like this: 2. In Java Edition, toolsmith villagers throw stone pickaxes at players under the Hero of the Village effect. 30], all naturally spawned zombie villagers use the unemployed textures. Placing a Smithing Table next to an unemployed villager will turn them into a Toolsmith villager. A fletching table is a fletcher's job site block that can generate naturally in villages. For armor trades you can get prot 4 i think (could be wrong), feather 4, respiration 3, aqua affinity, depth strider 3, etc etc etc. Therefore, at one stage of the game, a toolsmith's table may be more useful, at another an anvil. ; ↑ a b The average number of chests the player should expect to. How to use armor trims in Minecraft. explore origin 0 Base skins used to create this skin; find derivations Skins created based on this one; Find skins like this: almost equal very similar quite similar - Skins that look like this but with minor editsYou can also get eff3, sharp/smite/bane 3, unbr3, looting 3, fortune 3 etc. Definition of toolsmith in the Definitions. with a score of 6. This is the perfect way to design and render unique animations and cutscenes in the Minecraft engine, using the powerful features of Blender. This process keeps all enchantments of. This requires: write command /summon villager ~ ~ ~ {VillagerData: {profession:toolsmith, level:2, type:plains}} There is a command that allows you to summon blacksmith in Minecraft. A grindstone will usually generate at a village weaponsmith shelter. Weaponsmith can be summoned using a command in creative mode. Coal ore are mined using a pickaxe and drops 1 piece of coal. - All Rights Reserved Tool-Smith Company 1300 4th Avenue South Birmingham, AL 35233 (800) 317-TOOL | Info@Toolsmith. Players can craft a smithing table using two iron ingots and four planks of any type. Looting increases the maximum emerald drop by one per level, for a maximum of 4 emeralds with Looting III. The saying should be, "Don't waste a diamond on a Toolsmith!" Eventually he will offer enchanted versions of diamond tools though, so this may be worth. 15, 1. . Minecart Map. Is it rare to get the iron trade, because i have 6 armorers and they all only do emeralds to iron armor, but one. Everything you need to know about the Minecraft toolsmith for both the Bedrock edition and the Java editio. A lectern is a block used to display and read written books from. If not, their enchanted diamond picks might as well. An Fletcher villager can be recognized by their clothing: it is a brown hunting hat with a feather, an arrow in his belt, and a buckle on his belt that will change color depending on his skill. Join Planet Minecraft! We're a community of 4. But what about the village’s most important member – the toolsmith, who makes the tools used by all the other villagers? They have. 1. Neat. 4 if the experimental features are enabled. Aside from the jokey "Unemployed" and "Nitwit" professions, there are 13 villager jobs in Minecraft. There are 2 recipes how to craft enchanted iron pickaxe in Minecraft. Toolsmith Level 1 - Novice. This requires: open chat (press "T") write command /summon villager ~ ~ ~ {VillagerData: {profession:shepherd, level:2, type:plains}} press "ENTER". They act as a fuel for both brewing and smelting, and are required to craft eyes of ender used to access to the End. Blast Furnace is crafted at the crafting table by combining 5x iron ingots, 1x furnace, and 3x smooth stone. get 10 smithing table. So I've heard it said it technical circles that the best tool enchants you can get from toolsmiths is efficiency 3, unbreaking 3. The Minecraft Mob Skin, Toolsmith, was posted by Ericku. The term mob is short for mobile and is used to refer to all living, moving creatures in the game such as chickens, creepers, and villagers. Minecraft’s villagers, just like people in the so-called “real world”, need a place to work. This is a good trade that allows players to amass a large number of emeralds. We've been selling and servicing hand tools, power tools, air tools, air compressors and outdoor equipment for over 36 years. A code snippet for the village toolsmith chest loot tableThe Ultimate Minecraft 1. press "ENTER". The Looting enchantment can increase the drops by one per level, for a maximum of 4 blaze rods. The weaponsmith is one of the valuable professions of the villagers. An unemployed villager took the professions. But just because someone has a great hat doesn’t mean you should let them. When you spawn a villager in 1. .