intertrigo african american. For German-speking countries, the ICW has recommended that the traditionally used synonym “Hautwolf” (skin wolf) no longer be used. intertrigo african american

 
 For German-speking countries, the ICW has recommended that the traditionally used synonym “Hautwolf” (skin wolf) no longer be usedintertrigo african american  Martin Luther King Jr

ointments that may block the skin. Secondary infection with bacterial or fungal infection is common. B. Intertrigo is a common inflammatory skin disorder that occurs because of skin-on-skin friction in the skin folds (called intertriginous regions), as a result of moisture becoming trapped owing to poor air circulation (Janniger et al, 2005; Mistiaen and van Halm-Walters, 2010; Black et al, 2011). Friction. Intertrigo. 3 years; in science it was 4. Intertrigo sometimes gets. All Books; Books by Subject. Excessive sweating on the parts of the skin folds. Clockwise from top left: Michael Martin, Tunisian Burks, Sam. Refractory Intertrigo in the Right Inguinal Crease Answer. Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring on two closely. African Americans are incarcerated at more than 5 times the rate of whites. Eight-in-ten Black adults say this, as do 54% of Hispanic adults, half of Asian adults and 38% of White adults. In 2022 US Census Bureau estimates 50,087,750 African Americans in the United States which is 15% of the total American population of 333. picture 2: Intertrigo rashes as manifested by redness and scaly skin. I am against every form of racism and segregation, every form of discrimination. African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or Black Americans, are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa. Intertrigo is a skin condition that causes a rash in skin folds, such as under the breasts, in the groin, or in stomach folds. Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory skin condition of the skin's flexural surfaces, prompted or irritated by warm temperatures, friction, moisture, maceration, and poor ventilation. 4 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. excessive exercise. Recalcati, a dermatologist in Italy, collected data on 88 COVID-19 patients — 18 patients (20. A high BMI, having diabetes mellitus and being care dependent was highly associated with the presence of intertrigo in all three settings. Intertrigo is skin maceration in intertriginous areas caused by moisture and/or infection. Until research further clarifies this finding, consider PI a clinical sign rather than a distinct diagnosis. Intertrigo develops when friction and trapped moisture in intertriginous areas cause skin maceration and. 2. Black population. S. Medical Encyclopedia → Intertrigo Intertrigo Intertrigo is inflammation of the skin folds. 66%, considerably lower than that reported by Arnold-Young and Johnson. Obese and diabetic subjects, and subjects. Taken together, 63% of Black women say they’ve experienced at least one of the seven negative health care experiences measured in the survey. Tinea cruris, also known as jock itch, is a common type of contagious, superficial fungal infection of the groin and buttocks region, which occurs predominantly but not exclusively in men and in hot-humid climates. 2. Interdigital is the most common bacterial infection of. Acanthosis nigricans affects < 1% of Caucasians. Learn how to say/pronounce intertrigo in American English. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2012. The imprisonment rate for African American women is 2x that of white women. Infants and young children may be particularly susceptible to a form of streptococcal intertrigo that has heretofore been underrecognized in this population. As such, it is important to apply corticosteroid creams exactly as your doctor. MD *; Cassarino, David MD †; Patail, Hassan MD ‡; Khan, Nabeela MD ‡ The American Journal of Dermatopathology: August 2017 - Volume 39 - Issue 8 - p e104–e105. Black Population in US: 50. 3% of African Americans, 5. Intertrigo commonly becomes secondarily. Methods: We conducted a prospective study for a period of seven months in two Dermatology Units in Dakar (Senegal). Black musicians, visual artists, and writers were able to achieve great fame and notoriety for their work during this period. The 2020 Census, which had previously included the category “Black or African American” in 2000 and 2010, now asks responders of all races not only to check off a box but also to write in. . U. That disparity is even more pronounced today, with Black people making up 42% of all new HIV diagnoses in the United States. It usually looks like a reddish rash. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, a quarter of babies experience diaper rash. Patients may complain of pruritus or soreness. 6. com. blisters or pustules that contain foul-smelling pus. It is a common skin condition affecting opposing cutaneous or muco-cutaneous surfaces. These skin folds cause skin surfaces to rub against each other, trap moisture, develop infection, and produce symptoms. Diabetes Care 1 April 1993; 16 (4): 560–563. In total, 141 cases of intertrigo were identified: 96 female subjects (68%) and 45 male subjects. Here's the difference. Diagnosis. While psoriasis can be easily confused with other allergy symptoms, inverse psoriasis triggers and treatments are different from intertrigo. , $1. Inframammary (Figure 1), intergluteal, genitocrural, axillary, and/or interdigital skin folds can be involved in isolation or in combination with other body sites. 7. Malassezia furfur (formerly known as Pityrosporum ovale) is a species of yeast (a type of fungus) that is naturally found on the skin surfaces of humans and some other mammals. Intertrigo (intertriginous dermatitis) is a clinical inflammatory condition that develops in opposing skin surfaces in response to friction, humidity, maceration, or reduced air circulation. The. Census Bureau’s 2006-2019 American Community Surveys (ACS) and the following U. The term African American refers to individuals who are residents of the U. Soon, the more frequently Dana travels back in time, the longer. More than half of the nation’s Black population (56%) lived in Southern states in 2021, up. It is red and raw looking. Intertrigo, or intertriginous dermatitis, is a type of skin rash affecting the skin folds and areas where skin rubs together. Streptococcus is a genus of gram-positive coccus (pl. Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory skin condition of the skin's flexural surfaces, prompted or irritated by warm temperatures, friction, moisture, maceration, and poor ventilation. S. Blacks are up to 2. On the long-term effects of African-Americans being prohibited from buying homes in suburbs and building equity . These include: Moisture. The effectiveness of a twice-daily skin-moisturising regimen for reducing the incidence of skin tears. These include: Moisture; Heat; Lack of air circulation; Friction. This is usually located in the inner thighs, armpits, and underside of the breasts or belly. The ring grows outward as the infection spreads, sometimes developing as overlapping circles or in separate areas of the body or. Bright red, well-defined weeping patches and plaques are seen in the folds of the neck, armpits, elbow pits, groin, finger and toe webs, or backs of the knees. Symptoms include a bright red rash under your breasts and on your upper torso. 3 Million. The 1990s are a time of advances and setbacks for Black people: many men and women break new ground by being elected as majors of large cities, as members of Congress, and federal cabinet positions, as well as in leadership roles in medicine, sports, and academics. Yeast infections underneath or around the breasts can cause intertrigo, a rash that. Pseudofolliculitis barbae affects around 45% of African American Service Members, a much lower percentage of Hispanics and about 3% of Caucasians. "People of color" was originally meant to be a synonym of "Black," but its meaning has expanded to accommodate Latinos, Asians, Native Americans and other non-white groups, says Efren Perez, a professor of. Symptoms include a bright red rash under your breasts and on your upper torso. history to receive a patent, she expanded upon. 4 became effective on October 1, 2023. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, slavery was the law in every one of the 13 colonies, North and South alike, and was employed by its most prominent citizens, including many of the founders of the new. Moisture-associated skin damage or MASD is defined as "inflammation and erosion of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to moisture and its contents, including urine, stool, perspiration, wound exudate, mucus, or saliva. Separate skin surfaces with gauze or cotton. 1 million Americans were forbidden from voting because of their felony record in 2016, rising from 1. Skin conditions that produce sores, blisters, and crusting may itch at times. This skin condition is common under the breasts, inthe groin area, and under the tummy fold. Lichen simplex is also known as neurodermatitis, lichen simplex chronicus, and neurodermatitis circumscripta. Streptococcal intertrigo. Use a fan or air conditioning as needed. Schwartz and Jacek Cezary Szepietowski and Adam Reich}, journal={American family physician}, year={2005}, volume={72 5}, pages={ 833. Intertrigo. 1412 Blue Oaks Blvd, Roseville, CA 95747 P 916. She has a 10-year history of psoriasis on the scalp and lateral face and notable disease relapses in this area. Intertrigo is inflammation of skinfolds caused by skin-on-skin friction. The skin-on-skin contact that leads to the skin rash is inevitable for those who have excessive fat concentrated in various areas of the body. It is a common skin condition affecting opposing cutaneous or muco- cutaneous surfaces. Just over half of Black Americans say belief in God is necessary for morality. While psoriasis can be easily confused. In the United States, tinea capitis most commonly affects children of African heritage between three and nine years of age. Intertrigo is an inflammatory skin condition that can be caused and worsened by many factors. Manifesting as intense, fiery-red erythema and maceration in the. Knowing which type of diaper rash a baby has can help guide treatment. 4 may differ. Label. There are two types of erythrasma: generalized and interdigital. Allergic reaction of medicines, topical lotions, detergents and foods can cause rash under breast. A cross-sectional prevalence. Between 1500 and 1820, 12. Intertrigo is a chronic inflammatory condition of approximating or opposing skin surfaces (intertriginous skin) such as the axillae, groin, inframammary folds, abdominal folds, and/or labiocrural folds. Intertrigo frequently is worsened or colonized by infection, which most commonly is candidal but also may be bacterial or viral or due to other fungal infection. Prevalence of intertrigo in the large skin folds varies from 6% in hospital patients to 17% in nursing home clients and 20% in home care patients [6-12]. Bright red, well-defined weeping patches and plaques are seen in the folds of the neck, armpits, elbow pits, groin, finger and toe webs, or backs of the knees. INTRODUCTION. Pityriasis rosea is a rash that often begins as an oval spot on the face, chest, abdomen or back. 1,2 Although several risk factors (eg, smoking, alcohol use, obesity, physical activity) have been associated with hypertension, they do not appear. Although there are thousands of fungal infections from various. From women like Michelle Obama and Maxine Waters to Lizzo and Rihanna, the reach. It usually looks like a reddish rash. Sjogren's syndrome is also called Sjogren's disease. See moreIntertrigo is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring on two closely opposed skin surfaces as a result of moisture, friction, and lack of ventilation. Black History Timeline: 1930–1939. Only 13 of the 2,153 people on Forbes' 2019 Billionaires List were black, the magazine reported. Not all people considered "black" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term "black" is. Chafing of the underarms, inner thighs, buttocks, groin, and nipples can lead to redness and irritation in those areas. It affects over 80% of people with advanced HIV infection but can even affect those whose immune systems are only moderately impaired. Yeast infections under your breasts are a common fungal infection caused by a yeast called Candida. Prolonged use of corticosteroid creams can result in skin atrophy, which is thinning and weakening. Results: A total of seven studies were retained for final review after the search and screening processes. While psoriasis can be easily confused with other allergy symptoms, inverse psoriasis triggers and treatments are different from intertrigo. The areas most commonly affected are warm, moist areas such as under the breasts. have a combined net worth of $22. S. 0000000000000545. Background. . , Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans). Gil Yosipovitch, Ethel Tur, Ohad Cohen, Yael Rusecki; Skin Surface pH in Intertriginous Areas in NIDDM Patients: Possible Correlation to Candidal intertrigo. Bacterial, viral, or other fungal infection may also occur. By Angelica Bottaro Angelica Bottaro is a professional freelance writer with over 5 years of experience. Intertrigo is skin maceration in intertriginous areas caused by moisture and/or infection. 27 Also, in the US, Storan et al. Intertrigo is irritation and breakdown of skin (maceration) in areas where two skin surfaces rub together. 5 times more likely to suffer a limb amputation and up to 5. Another North American study 28 assessed all forms of MASD in 1427 patients over one year in an acute teaching hospital, finding an overall prevalence of MASD of 4. Apply a cold compress to the affected area to relieve the itchiness and the burning sensation. Unraveling the medicinal potential of South African Aloe species. African Americans are mainly of African ancestry, but many have non-Black ancestors as well. Intertrigo is a superficial inflammatory dermatitis occurring on two closely opposed skin surfaces as a result of moisture, friction, and lack of ventilation. I believe in human beings and that all human beings should be respected as such,. intertrigo in the mammary folds. John F. Then, a single, large spot may appear on your chest, stomach, or back. Walker, who was the first U. Intertrigo definition, chafing between two moist closely opposed skin surfaces, as under the breasts or at the armpit See more. Some pustules are sterile and are due to inflammatory skin disease. Among Black men, 46% say they’ve had at least one of six negative experiences with doctors or other health care providers. Intertrigo rash on chest. Find all the synonyms and alternative words for intertrigo at Synonyms. 2020. Mission US 2: Flight to Freedom : In Mission 2. patches of small round bumps. Fungal infections of the folds (intertriginous areas) 2015 Jul-Aug;33 (4):437-47. The result can be a red, irritated, and inflamed skin rash that sometimes has a smell. The diaper area is an ideal environment for intertrigo. In 2014, African Americans constituted 2. Excessive sweating on the parts of the skin folds. 04. S. [1] The European colonization of the Americas, and the resulting transatlantic slave trade, led to a large-scale. 5% of Latinos, and 34. Life in a Slave Society When captive Africans first set foot in North America, they found themselves in the midst of a slave society. S. Erythema intertrigo. Although initial therapy in non-Black patients is to be carried out with o. Butler. Intertrigo is triggered by constant moisture in skin folds: Around the groin; Under the armpits; In the inner thigh area; Under the breasts; Abdominal skin foldsIn 1971, the average African-American 17-year-old could read no better than the typical white child who was six years younger. African Americans’ hesitancy to take the vaccine comes in part from an awareness of the medical system’s long-standing structural racism. , 2004; Russell-Cole et al. burning. Richmond, Virginia – Loved By African Americans. Chafed skin is caused by the frequent and recurrent friction that occurs when there is skin-on-skin rubbing in any area of the body. e. Black Americans who are perceived as more racially phenotypical—that is, who possess more physical traits that are closely associated with their race—are more often associated with racial stereotypes. Scale is most prominent at the leading edge of the plaque. Moisture. Tinea cruris is a dermatophytosis that is commonly caused by Trichophyton rubrum or T. Antiseptic effect of hamamelis distillate and urea. Intertrigo, or intertriginous dermatitis, is a common inflammatory condition of skin folds characterized by moist erythema, malodor, weeping, pruritus, and tenderness ( picture 1A-D ). Examples of intertriginous areas include the armpit and the groin. Background. Religion of black Americans refers to the religious and spiritual practices of African Americans. Clinically, there is erythema and sometimes maceration, erosions, or fissuring. - "Intertrigo and common secondary skin infections. Intertrigo and inverse psoriasis are skin conditions that cause discomfort in areas of the body where the skin folds, such as the groin, armpits, and the abdomen. Cell division in streptococci occurs along a single axis, so as they grow, they tend to form pairs or chains that may appear bent or twisted. Intertrigo is a common inflammatory skin condition that is caused by skin-to-skin friction (rubbing) that is intensified by heat and moisture. Rocky Balboa. Individuals of African origin comprise approximately 14% of the population in the United States. How to say intertrigo in English? Pronunciation of intertrigo with 5 audio pronunciations, 2 synonyms, 1 meaning, 3 translations and more for intertrigo. Intertrigo. S. intertrigo pronunciation - How to properly say intertrigo. Infection by bacteria and yeast is also common. Among African-Americans between the ages of 12 and 19, the obesity rates are 24 percent for girls and 21 percent for boys. It is estimated that from 1916 to 1970 some six million black Southerners relocated as part of the Great Migration. Intertrigo. When intertrigo gets infected, a foul smell arises. The perception of universal success among Asian-Americans is being wielded to downplay racism's role in the persistent struggles of other minority groups, especially black Americans. As Matthew Frye Jacobson notes in his book Roots Too: White Ethnic Revival in Post–Civil Rights America, the rise of black nationalism in the ’60s and ‘70s coincided with a growing emphasis. Contributing factors include obesity, poor hygiene, hot weather, irritating or occlusive products applied locally. For German-speking countries, the ICW has recommended that the traditionally used synonym “Hautwolf” (skin wolf) no longer be used. Intertrigo frequently is worsened or colonized by infection, which most commonly is candidal but also may be bacterial or viral or due to other fungal infection. diseased. 10. Allergic reaction of medicines, topical lotions, detergents and foods can cause rash under breast. Slide show: Common skin rashes. It affects the palms or soles, which appear brown (on. The diagnosis intertrigo refers to an inflammation of the body folds. For an optimal experience visit our site on another browser. Nationwide, African American children represent 32% of children who are arrested, 42. 3, 4 Although elective removal of hair by shaving, plucking, waxing elsewhere on the body such as the underarm and pubic skin and on the chin can also cause PFB, this review will. doi: 10. American Board of Dermatology Medical Director Shannon Sgro, PA-C INTERTRIGO What is Intertrigo and why does it develop? Intertrigo is inflammation of the skin caused by irritation in body folds—especially the groin, under the breasts, the armpits, under the abdominal fold, and around the anal area. This breakdown often leads to infection by yeast or bacteria. The majority of patients were seen between March and June; 52% of patients had already received treatment before the consultation. 10. It is often a sign of an. Plus, she was the first African-American women to be on the cover of GQ. L30. Intertrigo. A nursing guideline on this matter had to be updated and broadened in scope to other health care professionals. It has a raised border and hollow center. 1. Intertrigo results from constant moisture within the skin folds and skin-on-skin friction. In the United States, the estimated prevalence is 13. A high BMI, having diabetes mellitus and being care dependent was highly associated with the presence of intertrigo in all three settings. A yeast infection on the breasts tends to look like a raised, shiny, red rash in the warm, moist folds of your skin. People with intertrigo tend to have irritated red skin in the skin folds. The guidance could also be limiting access to medications that could achieve better overall health outcomes in Black patients, say the authors of the study published Jan. Diagnosis is typically by clinical appearance. 8 million people. Clinically, there is erythema and sometimes maceration, erosions, or fissuring. The intertrigo affected area of the skin seems to be raw. 5% of Latinos, and 34. 1. Intertrigo in the large skin folds is a common problem. Treatment. avoiding. . [1] Its role within the human body is extensive in reproduction, immune function, and wound repair. Intertrigo is a skin condition that causes a rash in skin folds, such as under the breasts, in the groin, or in stomach folds. Intertrigo is an inflammatory rash that occurs in skin folds, such as the armpits, groin, under the breasts, and within fat folds. JOIN OUR AFFILIATE PROGRAM. Redness or skin darkening are common, and there may be breaks in the skin. Itching. 4 There are three types of tinea capitis:. Age Diaper rashes can start in the neonatal period as soon as the child begins to wear diapers. 3. Drug Name. , Rosa Parks, Muhammad Ali and Harriet Tubman. In the United States, some scholars who have studied relationships between African-Americans and African immigrants have observed a “social distance” between both groups. Celebrate Black History Month during February 2023 with. AllAfrica. In acanthosis nigricans, the skin becomes thick and velvety. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 began a policy of admitting an equal number of slave and free states into the Union. burning. Between 2000 and 2019, the share of Black Americans who identified as either multiracial or Black Hispanic had grown by. Although their. Thus, an idea introduced in the late 19th century by preachers seeking to promote African American uplift and racial justice became, over time, a rhetorical weapon used against Jews by Black. African immigrants are more likely than U. S. Weird things about the name Intertrigo: The name spelled backwards is Ogirtretni. In the United States, tinea capitis most commonly affects children of African heritage between three and nine years of age. Greene, Heterosexism and Internalized Racism Among African Americans: The Connections and Considerations for African American Lesbians and Bisexual Women: A Clinical Psychological Perspective, 54 Rutgers Law Review 931 (Summer 2002) (98 Footnotes) (Full Document)Clinical and counseling. Heat. Sweat, urine, and. J. Sandford, Chief Justice Roger B. picture 4: Intertrigo rashes underneath the breasts. 27 Also, in the US, Storan et al. In 1619, a ship with 20 captives landed at Point Comfort in Virginia, ushering in the era of American slavery. Since January 2021, President Biden has nominated a total of 154 individuals for federal judgeships, 48 of whom are African American, and 15 individuals for local judgeships in Washington, D. Intertrigo (say: in-ter-TRY-go) is caused by wetness and soreness in skinfolds—areas where skin rubs against skin. avoiding. Intertrigo is most commonly found in the groin, axillae, and inframammary folds. More than 4. Additionally, the affected area should. S. Acute tinea cruris may present as a moist and exudative rash. S. Many people with Sjogren's also have. The rash can be itchy. Weird things about the name Intertrigo: The name spelled backwards is Ogirtretni. There is a plethora of treatments, but a lack of evidence about their efficacy. Medical treatment and at home prevention can help clear the. There may be maceration or erosion, which would raise the suspicion for an infectious component. Beloved film tropes illuminate a history of race, whiteness, and the fallacy of the American dream. Not all black people are African American. Black History Timeline: 1990–1999. It presents the same, there is a higher incidence of atopic dermatitis in the African American community, though. Initiating factors include moisture and friction associated with an absence of air circulation in deep skin folds. 6M 9 posts / week Get Email Contact. picture 3: Severe intertrigo rashes in the armpit. Intertrigo develops when friction and trapped moisture in intertriginous areas cause skin maceration and inflammation with formation of patches or plaques. In the neighborhoods of Richmond like east Chesterfield, Black families can expect safety, prosperity, and adequate representation. 1 This common skin disorder may be localized in a small area or involve larger surfaces. Intertrigo (intertriginous dermatitis) is an inflammatory condition of skin folds, induced or aggravated by heat, moisture, maceration, friction, and lack of air circulation. 6 million Black people in the U. Daycare Center and Family Home Forum>How Do You Tell If An African-American Baby Has Diaper Rash? Embarrassed to ask 06:19 AM 03-08-2011 Yes, it's a stupid question. Your doctor may recommend topical corticosteroid creams for intertrigo. Among the 365 African-Americans in the study, individuals had as little as 1 percent West African ancestry and as much as 99 percent. Lack of air circulation around the breast. Introduction. 2. Symptoms such as pain and itching significantly decrease quality of life, leading to high morbidity. 2 outside a regional Bureau of Indian Affairs office in Muskogee, Okla. America's First Clock. Like Ali in the 60s, Jackie Robinson was one of the most influential sports figures of his day. Latest news coverage, updates, videos and photos highlighting African American culture and perspective. Intertrigo may present as diaper. U. The two wealthiest, Robert F. 14. Intertrigo is an inflammatory condition of skinfolds caused by skin-on-skin friction. Intertrigo develops when friction and trapped moisture in intertriginous areas cause skin maceration and. itching. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is an uncommon skin condition affecting the trunk, neck and axillae. This is a timeline of African-American history, the part of history that deals with African Americans . The Jim Crow South was the era during which local and state laws enforced the legal segregation of white and black citizens from. com. Diagnosis is by clinical appearance and by potassium hydroxide wet mount. Keep skin cool and dry. Acanthosis nigricans affects < 1% of Caucasians. It also may affect antecubital fossae; umbilical, perineal, or interdigital areas; neck creases; and folds of the eyelids. Intertrigo frequently is worsened or colonized by infection, which most commonly is candidal but also may be bacterial or viral or due to other fungal infection. Originating from slavery and European colonialism, colorism is a dimension of stratification that derives from racism. Although intertrigo can affect only one skin fold, intertrigo commonly involves multiple sites. Intertrigo is a common inflammatory dermatosis of opposing skin surfaces that can be caused by a variety of infectious agents, most notably candida, under the effect of mechanical and environmental factors. By Cydney Adams. Point to Remember: Perialar intertrigo (PI) may occur by itself, although it may accompany other disorders such as seborrheic dermatitis, acne, or periorificial dermatitis. Black History Timeline: 1920–1929. The condition appears in natural and obesity-created body folds. were born outside the country as of 2019, meaning that 10% of the Black population was foreign born. Intertrigo is most commonly found in the groin, axillae, and inframammary folds. These may include sore throat, fever, aches, nausea, and fatigue. Methods A systematic review was performed. In New York, the Roman Catholic diocese has added masses in Ashanti and Fante, while black men and women from various Carib­bean islands. Also, macromastia may be associated with psychosocial or. Definition and meaning can be found here:regions where the skin folds, such as the armpits, groin, and under the breasts, intertrigo is a frequent skin ailment. Another North American study 28 assessed all forms of MASD in 1427 patients over one year in an acute teaching hospital, finding an overall prevalence of MASD of 4. 9. It reduces itching that leads to skin irritation and infection. com. Lymphadenopathy of an inflammatory type (the most common type) is lymphadenitis, producing swollen or enlarged lymph nodes. She has been educated in both psychology and journalism, and her dual education has given her the research and writing skills needed to deliver sound and.