Ra 10627. While there is no disciplinary action for anonymous reports, bullies may face punishment if their actions are proven to be true. Ra 10627

 
 While there is no disciplinary action for anonymous reports, bullies may face punishment if their actions are proven to be trueRa 10627 Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Anti Bullying Law (RA 10627) - Free download as PDF File (

Best Essays. (Sec. Approved: 12 September 2013. 18, s 2015 Known as Guidelines and Procedures on the. Attitude is the mental position, feeling, or emotion towards or with regard. Short Title. Republic Act No. II. Any slanderous. DepEd Asst. DepEd O R D E R No. Link to PDF:Republic Act: 10627“The Importance of Speech,” Pgs 17-21Topic 3:Section 3Adoption of. Acts of Bullying. What is the law against bullying?4. B. 1. Under RA 10627, students can report bullying anonymously to school officials. AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SEC. Act refers to Republic Act No. According to Republic Act No. MANILA, Philippines - Nilagdaan na ni Pa­ngulong Aquino ang RA 10627 o Anti-Bullying Act of 2013. 2013 IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS {IRR) OF REPUBLIC ACT {RA} NO. 10627). Coverage clarified to cover: – Public and private – Kindergarten – Elementary – Secondary Schools – Learning Centers Learning center defined as facilities for learning programs for out-of. S. Bullying at the following: a. (Sec. – All elementary and secondary schools are hereby directed to adopt policies to address the existence of AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS bullying in their respective institutions. In the Philippines, Republic Act 10627, otherwise known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013,” was enacted to address the growing incidence of bullying inside school premises, locations adjacent to the school, in school-related or -sponsored activities, and by means of technology or any electronic means (Section 5 (1), Rule IV and Section 3 (b. Section 1. 2-D, RA 10627) This covers social bullying aiming to belittle another individual or group or gender-based bullying which humiliates another on the basis of perceived or actual sexual orientation and gender identity. PM10 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by an EPA reference or. – This Act shall be known as the "Anti-Bullying Act of 2013". the Anti- Bullying Act (RA 10627) regarding the intervention programs in ad dressing bu llying in schools and community. doc), PDF File (. Short Title. As a future criminologist, how will you prepare yourself in enforcing RA 10627 and RA 9262? (10 points) Republic Act No. It requires Schools to adopt policies to address the existence of bullying in their respective institutions. The RA 10627, on the other hand, further strengthened the government’s efforts to combat bullying in elementary and secondary schools nationwide. During the school years, bullying is one of the most common expressions of violence in the peer context. [REPUBLIC ACT NO. REPUBLIC ACT NO. BSED SS 3-1D 04/28/2022 RA 10627 School, as a social simulation, is a place of development for young students. Neither the text of the law nor its implementing rules and regulations contain any provisions allowing victims of bullying to claim financial compensation. 60s. SEC. Sec. TY. e ndings of. “At present, 93 school divisions in seven regions have their respective pool of trainers, who are expected to roll out and to capacitate school personnel in handling child. Many children in our society from the past and the present were abused, neglected, and most of the time are mistreated by their own parents and even schoolmates that are known to be school bullies but also can be neglected by their own teachers and the academic institutions themselves, therefore, it was stated under RA 10627 of section III are. It requires Schools to adopt policies to address the existence of. AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSTITUTIONS. 15th Congress of the Republic. Dominic Benavente Educator. ppt / . RA 4670 The Magna Carta for Public Teachers5. 10627 Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 An Act requiring all elementary and secondary schools to adopt policies to prevent and address the acts of bullying in their institutions. Abstract. Title. . 7610 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR STRONGER DETERRENCE AND SPECIAL PROTECTION AGAINST CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION AND DISCRIMINATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. The Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 was signed into law by former President Benigno Aquino III on September 6, 2013. school bus stops;This translates to 31 daily bullying cases from a divisor of 201 school days. 10627] AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO. Child Protection Policy 2012THE Department of Education (DepEd) reported that bullying cases have increased in the last seven years, except during the pandemic. 10602 - an act creating four (4) additional branches of the regional trial court in the tenth judicial region to be stationed at the city of malaybalay, province of bukidnon, further amending for the purpose batas pambansa blg. The order requires public and private schools to submit copies of their respective anti-bullying or child protection policies within six months from the effectivity of. In the Philippines, with the passing of Republic Act (RA) 10627, oth erwise known as the Anti - bullying Law of 2013, schools are required to establish their M. 10027. Nuong Desyembre 13, 2013, nilagdaan ni Br. Q 9. 10627. 10627: Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 2013-09-26: 10628: Construction of Fish Ports 2013-09-26: 10629: Amending the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992 or RA 7586DepEd also cited DepEd Order No. – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013”. policies to prevent and address all acts of bullying in their institutions. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. and through the use of technology or an electronic device that is. DepEd O R D E R No. that has the effect of actually causing or placing. Amores does not want her student named Joel to be the highest honor awardee but she prefers Leonard, another student to get the recognition. – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995. There were previous efforts to legislate similar laws to apply to the workplace. It is an important contributing factor to child development and childhood psychopathology. 2. In the Philippines, as stated on Section 2 of Republic Act 10627 bullying refers to any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed at another student thatHB 2321, filed by Leyte Representative Lucy Torres-Gomez, proposes to expand the coverage of the RA 10627 and include acts of bullying against children outside schools. an act further strengthening teacher education in the philippines by enhancing the teacher education council, establishing a scholarship program for students in the teacher education program, institutionalizing the national educators academy of the philippines, and appropriating funds therefor, amending for the purpose republic act no. 2013 - Free download as PDF File (. Section 1. For the information and guidance of all concerned, enclosed is a copy of the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act (RA) No. 10627 or also known as the Anti Bullying Act of 2013 addresses this concern among parents, teachers and even students who are considered victims of bullying. severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic. The 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), created by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, showed that among the 15-year-olds surveyed, 65 percent said they. Republic of the Philippines Congress of the Philippines Metro Manila Fifteenth Congress Third Regular Session Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand twelve. 10627 also known as Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (DO No. Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013, signed by then President Benigno Aquino III, mandates all elementary and secondary schools to adopt policies to prevent and address the acts of bullying in their institutions. RA 7877. Pres. For purposes of this Act, "bullying" shall refer to any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed at. notes on Anti Bullying Act. txt) or read online for free. What is under RA 10627 in the Philippines? The Philippine government has enacted laws to fight bullying in schools. Ra 10627. Dexter Galban, during a to Senate hearing on anti-bullying, said 1,309 bullying cases were reported since RA 10627 or Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 was passed into law, Anti bullying ra 10627 final ping. physical bullying. 10627) AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSTITUTIONS BY: ATTY. Anti bullying ra 10627 final ping XFactor Umitz 14. – This Act shall be known as the “Kindergarten. 2-D, RA 10627) This covers social bullying aiming to belittle another individual or group or gender-based bullying that humiliates another on the basis of perceived or actual sexual orientation and gender identity. It requires Schools to adopt policies to address the existence of bullying includes yours respective institutions. A. 7. 5, s. No. – For purposes of this Act, “bullying” shall refer to any MANILA, Philippines — A neophyte lawmaker has filed a bill in the House of Representatives that will amend the Anti-Bullying Law (Republic Act 10627) by expanding its coverage beyond school. RULE I PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS. 11930- Anti-Online Sexual Abuse or Exploitation of Children (OSAEC) and Anti-Child Sexual Abuse or Exploitation MaterialsThe Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (RA 10627) This law applies to school-related bullying, specifically involving students and including instances done on social media. 00) or both, at the discretion of the court. txt) or read online for free. Pag-abuso sa droga at alcohol. Anti-Bullying RA 101627 & Cyber Crime Prevention Act RA 10175 AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSTITUTIONS. Short Title. REPUBLIC ACT NO. House Bill 815 was filed with the House of Representatives in 2016, while Senate Bill Number 1217 was. A. MANILA, Philippines – Bullies, beware. Although disciplinary administrative action would not be taken based on an anonymous report alone, bullies are still subject to punishment once the report is established as true. 10627. Dexter Galban, during a to Senate hearing on anti-bullying, said 1,309 bullying cases were reported since RA 10627 or Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 was passed into law, Galban also told the Senate Committee on Basic Education chaired by Sen. [REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1 Only when the laying of hands is shown beyond reasonable doubt to be intended by the accused to debase, degrade or demean the intrinsic worth and. 10627 AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSTITUTIONS. The anti-bullying act of 2013: what to expect. An Act Defining Gender-Based Sexual Harassment in Streets, Public Spaces, Online, Workplaces, and Educational or Training Institutions, Providing Protective Measures and Prescribing Penalties Therefor. RA 10627 enables students to anonymously report bullying. I allowed myself to be bullied because I was scared and I didn’t know how to defend. Bullying at the following: a. Once compliance to these provisions was proven, thisThis study was conducted to review salient provisions of-of R. 2, RA 10627) These acts are collectively called “cyber bullying” when committed online. Gatchalian, who chairs the Senate committee on basic education, described as worrisome the prevalence of bullying, as it was supposed to have been addressed by Republic Act 10627 or the Anti. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo c. RA 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Law of 2013, was passed by Congress on September 12, 2013. (IRR) DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. Title. 1. In the Philippines, latest national data show that cyberviolence affects almost half of children aged 13-17 1. RA 11313. Consistent with Section 3 of the Act, the anti-bullying policy shall prohibit: 1. The Philippines' Anti-Bullying Act of 2013. 2013, the anti-bullying law officially prohibited bullying in all elementary and high schools and mandated all public and private schools offering basic education to. House Bill Text as Filed. 6. In addition, the legislation mandates that the government must educate and train young people in matters pertaining to the nation's. MMS 101- Anti-Bullying Act Of 2013 (RA 10627) – YouTube. . – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013”. Margarita Nograles also seeks to expand the. DULAY-DEL VAL Public Attorney Cordillera Administrative Region Baguio City For the. RA10627 - View presentation slides online. BULLYING Refer to any severe or. RA 8187 – Paternity Act. Signed by Aquino in Sept. 7610. An act requiring all elementary and secondary schools to adopt policies to prevent and address the acts of bullying in the institutions. School-Related Gender-Based Violence School-based violence refers to “physical, psychological and sexual violence that happened in the school setting where the perpetrators are the teachers or any adult in school. reflection video republic act. This is also known as the Anti-Bullying Act. No. 10627, the government is obligated to devise a strategy for the nation's defense that would assure the safety of the country. Anti bullying ra 10627 final ping. 55 series of 2013 or the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act No. These rules shall be known as the “Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013. Republic Act 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act (the Act), aims to protect children enrolled. expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any. The issuance of these guidelines and procedures supports the DepEd Child Protection Policy (DO No. 9775 - Anti Child Pornography Act (repealed by R. The law requires all elementary and secondary schools in the country to adopt an anti-bullying policy. The law requires all elementary and. SEC. Acts of Bullying. school, particularly inside the classrooms. Republic Act No 10627 Anti Bullying Act - Free download as Word Doc (. LAW THAT PROTECT CHILDREN FROM BULLYING RA 10627: The Anti-Bullying Act Republic Act 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act (the “Act. – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013”. ABM. ”. SECTION 3. AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSITUTIONS. A Primers A. Citing a DepEd report, Cebu Representative Gerald Anthony Gullas Jr. A. This slogan will never get old: No to bullying! "The Department of Education documented more than 1,700 cases of child abuse and bullying in school year 2013-2014 after Republic Act 10627, the Anti-Bullying Act, was passed last year. 15th Congress of the Republic. 2 KINDS OF BULLYING 1. ANGARA. under RA No. RA 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act, aims to protect children from being bullied in schools. Bullying, as defined in Sec. DepEd Order No. the Anti- Bullying Act (RA 10627) regarding the intervention programs in ad dressing bu llying in schools and community. ”. 10627. A report from MSNBC estimates that one in every six children is regularly bullied. 15th Congress of the Republic. Republic Act No. 10627 AN ACT REQUIRING ALL ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO ADOPT POLICIES TO PREVENT AND ADDRESS THE ACTS OF BULLYING IN THEIR INSTITUTIONS Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. kindergarten, elementary, and secondary schools and learning centers (collectively, “Schools”) from being bullied. Heres. RA 10627. Senate Bill No. pdf), Text File (. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the "Anti-Bullying Act of 2013". school grounds; b. salient points Cordova Public College and University of Cebu-LapuLapu-Mandaue III President of the Philippines. Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 and its IRR. SEC. Nograles, who is the House assistant majority leader, said the prevalence of bullying in the country over the years calls for more teeth to the anti-bullying law or the Republic Act No. House Bill. (Sec. Ano ang parusa sa cyber libel o paninirang puri sa internet o social. 10627) is an act requiring schools to adopt policies to prevent and address all acts of bullying in their institutions. Acts of Bullying. Section 3 (b) of Republic Act No. It defined bullying as a. SEC. Title,. Pagkabigo at paghihiganti. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Congress. The IRR of RA 10627 provides for a broad range of prevention and intervention programs to address bullying. – For purposes of this Act, “bullying” shall refer to any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed. Republic Act (RA) 10627 The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 addresses all forms of bullying to all students, teachers, and school personnel. Report. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress. DepEd Order No. September 12,. l. 00) within one (1) banking day; for covered persons under Section 3 (a) (8), a single. Accordingly, gender-based bullying is defined as an “act that humiliates or excludes a person on the basis of perceived or actual SOGIE. Read RA 10627 from the story Special Penal Laws of the Philippines by NezroT (Nezro) with 332 reads. Republic Act 10627 o Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 nilagdaan na ni PNoy! Nilagdaan na ni Pangulong Benigno "Noynoy" Aquino III ang batas laban sa bullying lalo na sa mga mag-aaral. COURSE CODE: EDUC 207 TOPIC : REPUBLIC ACT 10627 “An Act Requiring all Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies to Prevent and Address the Acts of Bullying in their Institutions” REPORTER : RUDETTE A. 10627, this Order is hereby issued to implement the provisions of the Act. Consistent with Section 3 of the Act, the anti-bullying policy shall prohibit: 1. Margarita Nograles also seeks to expand the coverage of the law beyond. SECTION 1. 10627 - Free download as Word Doc (. Intro. During the Senate Committee on Basic Education inquiry on the implementation of the Republic Act (RA) No. PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS Section 1. This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in. Section 8 of Republic Act No. Anti-Bullying Act of 2013, which requires all elementary and. pdf), Text File (. 169533, March 20, 2013 Not every instance of the laying of hands on a child constitutes the crime of child abuse under Section 10 (a) of Republic Act No. an act extending the term of office of the president of the adiong memorial state college from three (3) years to four (4) years in accordance with republic act no. Acts of Bullying – for purposes of this act, “bullying” shall refer to any severe or repeated use of a written, verbal, physical act and etc. or the “Anti-bullying Act of 2013” Christ the King College 499 Magsaysay Blvd. BO PROFESSOR : DR. txt) or read online for free. Senator Win Gatchalian is seeking the strict enforcement of the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (Republic Act No. A Primer A. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. secondary schools to adopt policies that will prevent and address. Prohibited acts b. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9160 is hereby further amended to read as follows: " (b) ‘Covered transaction’ is a transaction in cash or other equivalent monetary instrument involving a total amount in excess of Five hundred thousand pesos (₱500,000. Bullying (RA 10627) Any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed at another student that has the effect of actually causing or placing. Short Title. 10627, o Ang Anti- Bullying Act of. Follow • 3 likes • 2,409. No. – For purposes of this Act, “bullying” shall refer to any severe or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed at. Sec. PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS Section 1. - The Sangguniang. 2. [REPUBLIC ACT NO. Educational institutions are therefore required to. Pursuant to the provisions of Section 7 of Republic Act No. property immediately adjacent to school grounds; c. 1. 10627) is an act requiring schools to adopt policies to prevent and address all acts of bullying in their institutions. 10627 , entitled An Act Requiring All Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies to Prevent and Address the Acts of Bullying in Their Institutions. Section 3 (b) of Republic Act No. Kailangan din silang sumailalim sa rehabilitation program na pangangasiwaan ng paaralan. MANILA, Philippines — A neophyte lawmaker has filed a bill in the House of Representatives that will amend the Anti-Bullying Law (Republic Act 10627) by expanding its coverage beyond school. Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (Republic Act 10627) includes gender-based bullying as a prohibited and punishable act. Introduction Democracy Deal 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act (the “Act”), aim to guard children enrolled in kindergarten, elementary… A Primer A. 7K views • 22 slides Anti bullying. Once compliance to these provisions was proven, this This study was conducted to review salient provisions of-of R. REPUBLIC ACT NO. Introduction. 10627 otherwise known as Anti-bullying Act of 2013 defines bullying as ― any slanderous ac t . 129, otherwise known as "the judiciary reorganization act of 1980",. 6. One of the goals of every educator, parent, and student is to prevent bullying from happening. 165 elementary teachers chosen through random sampling took part in the survey. 2, RA 10627) These acts are collectively called “cyber bullying” when committed online. It can happen face-to-face or through the Internet. 11930) Republic Act No. In RA 10627 Section 2: a. Republic Act No. This research paper proposal aims to evaluate the impact of RA 10627 in secondary schools’ policy of preventing bullying. Follow • 3 likes • 2,409. Upload. Republic Act 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act (the “Act”), aims the bewahren child enrolled in kindergarten, elementary, and secondaries schools and learning centers (collectively, “Schools”) from being bullied. Open Document. 3, B-1, RA 10627. 3d 415, 10th Cir. DepEd reiterated the need to adopt and enforce anti-bullying policies with Department Order No. However, the DepEd said 60 percent of these cases have already…A Primer A. A. GrandSquid2423. SECTION 1. Adoption of Anti-Bullying Policies. Acts of Bullying. Republic Act No. Statement of Policy. Immediate responses should include: 1) calling the attention of any school personnel who could intervene and stop the bullying; 2) separating the students involved; 3) ensuring the victim's safety; and, 4) bringing the bully to. SanapoMy Reflection on Republic Act 10627 (Anti-Bullying Act) I learned that RA 10627 is also known as An Act Requiring All Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies to Prevent and Address the Acts of Bullying in Their Institutions. ~793. Republic Act No. Short Title. REPUBLIC ACT NO. BCPO STATION 8 What is BULLYING? refers to any severe, or repeated use by one or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any combination thereof, directed at another student that has the effect of actually causing or placing the latter in reasonable fear of physical or emotional harm or. 2. Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 and the issuance of its implementing rules and regulations (IRR). 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of on September 12, 2013, the. – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of. 2. Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-third day of July, two thousand twelve. This is also known as the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013. MANILA – Bullying in schools persist despite the signing of Republic Act No 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act nearly 10 years ago. –. – This Act shall be known as the “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013”. bully, bullying, anti, anti-bullying law, law on bullying. Who authored Republic Act 9850? a. Pursuant to the. RA 7610. The statistical analysis included the use of percentage, t-test and ANOVA with the aid of SPSS. PANINIRANG PURI / LIBEL CASE PHILIPPINES / CYBER LIBEL / DEFAMATION. R. or statement of accusation that causes the victim emotional . Section 2 of RA 10627 defined bullying as "any severe or repeated use of a written, verbal, physical, and electronic expression done by a student or school employee to a student that is causing. The researcher used qualitative content analysis supplemented by a case study. Sec. Any unwanted physical contact between the bully and the victim like punching, pushing, shoving ,kicking, slapping, tickling, headlocks, inflicting school pranks, teasing, fighting and the use ofSubalit, upang mas malinaw sa lahat at ito ay mas lalong maintindihan nararapat lamang ang masusing pag aaral at pag intindi nito ayun sa itinakda ng Batas. 2013 - Free download as PDF File (. 10627- Introduction. the latter in reasonable fear of physical or. Acts of. the bully and the victim like punching, pushing, shoving, kicking, slapping, tickling, headlocks, inflicting school. Dexter Galban, during a to Senate hearing on antibullyi­ng, said 1,309 bullying cases were reported since RA 10627 or AntiBullyi­ng Act of 2013 was passed into law, Galban also told the. The total number of respondents was one thousand twenty five (1025) students, first year to fifthRepublic Act No. It refers to: a) Any severe or repeated use b) By one or more students c) Of a written, verbal or. 2, RA 10627) These acts are collectively called “cyber bullying” when committed online. 7K views • 22 slides Anti bullying. It requires Schools to adopt policies to address the existence of bullying and to provide support for victims and perpetrators.