Siebenbürgische Spezialitäten Erzeugnisse aus der Heimat nach original Rezepten. Conducting dog racing for gambling purposes was not always criminal in Nevada. Only a few scattered casinos and tracks offer races featuring canines, and those are almost always illegal in most states. Is dog racing still legal in the United States? Today, the only states that still allow greyhound racing and have active tracks are Alabama, Arkansas, Iowa, Texas and West Virginia. I have learned through media reports that a report called “High Stakes Greyhound Racing in the United States” has been circulated from a group called Grey2K USA. For now, trainers and owners are allowed to put thoroughbreds on Lasix to prevent pulmonary bleeding pending safety studies, Dane says. Some even die from cardiac arrest due to the extreme physical intensity of racing. receiving, recording or forwarding bets or offers to bet. The dogs are kept in kennels and they aren. Then, once it has been categorised as a long shot, the dog can run without drugs, vastly increasing its chances of winning. Riding horses injures them, particularly when they're younger than five years old. Imported dogs are used in breeding regimes that create a greyhound excess of. strong animals, horses can be hurt very easily. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals has asked Gov. Though Nevada does permit horse racing for gaming purposes. A horse or dog can live many years past their racing career (and many many don’t have a career), caring for them at even a minimal level outstrips any earnings, with cattle from day 1 every one understands they are food. Labs cannot detect all the illegal drugs out there, of which there “could be thousands,” says the executive director of the Racing. Today there is rampant abuse of horses that is quietly and secretly sanctioned behind closed doors by owners and trainers—to racetracks and veterinarians. Greyhound racing is illegal in 40 states, including Nevada, Arizona, California and New York, according to Grey2K USA, a dog rescue group. dog with a stick. Gavin Newsom to form an independent panel to investigate how the track, breeders, owners, trainers, jockeys and veterinarians treat the. ” Tenn. GREY2K USA was the first organization to successfully outlaw dog racing using the ballot initiative process…. PETA had begun a smear campaign against horse racing some years ago and released a lot of misleading information and made up facts. Is racing illegal in New York? New York Vehicle and Traffic Law (VTL) 1182 prohibits competing in motor vehicle races unless permitted explicitly by VTL 1182(a) or VTL 1630, 1640, 1642, or 1660 . Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. In 2007, state legislation established exclusive rights and requirements that all state casino table games and video lottery machines can only operate where there is also horse and. Horse Racing: Legal: Dog Racing: Illegal: Lottery: Legal: Charitable Gaming: Legal: Social Gambling: Legal: Lottery Games (Keno, Pickle Cards, etc) Legal in locations licensed by the Nebraska Liquor Control Commission: Betting on games of skill (i. Nearly a century of greyhound racing at St. Many dogs do not receive adequate basic health care or care. When let out to race, they suffer serious injuries including broken legs and backs, crushed skulls, and. Business, Economics, and Finance. There are two forms of greyhound racing, track racing (normally around an oval track) and coursing; the latter is now. Lawmaker Spotlights. Greyhound racing still goes on globally. . In. Although dog racing was not legal, 67 tracks had opened across the country by 1930. There are four states that do not have active racetracks, but still have laws legalizing greyhound racing. These thoroughbreds are pushed to their physical breaking point without their consent, and at way to young of age. The total amount wagered on U. C. It’s more than half of the total amount bet legally on. Increased public awareness that dog racing is cruel and inhumane, in addition to competition from other forms of gambling, has led to the nationwide decline of greyhound racing. The majority of the horses were killed for meat – destined to be sold for human consumption abroad. Greyhound racing is a competitive ‘sport’ in which greyhounds race around an enclosed track in pursuit of a mechanical hare. can also mask pain or make a horse run faster. Sports betting is considered illegal but with exceptions. dog races has dropped from $3. Infected paws, ignored injuries, physical abuse, all kinds of horrific things. When they are ready to retire they are put out to stud. First, the dogs in these races are often kept in horrendous. Australia’s greyhound racing industry is facing continued public scrutiny following multiple allegations of animal cruelty including brutal live baiting, corruption, harrassment, and exports to supply China’s illegal gambling industry. Is dog racing illegal in Nevada? Yes, racing dogs is a crime in Nevada if it is done for gambling purposes. S. Both allow bets on domestic and international races online on either desktop or mobile devices. Random drug testing is in place and the results often show egregious violations. As recently as 2000, there were 45 dog tracks running in the U. Thousands are bred annually (many more than are needed to race) in an attempt to create the fastest dogs. states, for-profit dog racing is against the law. In four states (Oregon, Connecticut, Kansas and Wisconsin), all dog tracks have closed and ceased live racing, but a prohibitory statute has yet to be enacted. GALT is working with Irish orgs to import dogs from there. CryptoKentucky formally legalized a pari-mutuel horse racing betting system in 1906. Consider adopting a retired thoroughbred or greyhound. When they are excited like this their bodies are flooded with epinephrine (i. In just three states, pari-mutuel dog racing remains legal and operational. One of the review's key findings is that under a very specific set of circumstances – including the use of an. These states are West Virginia, Arkansas and Iowa. Human bone marrow can become toxic and cause death as a result of this. Greyhounds are born to run and love racing. A horse or dog can live many years past their racing career (and many many don’t have a career), caring for them at even a minimal level outstrips any earnings, with cattle from day 1 every one understands they are food. The lack of regulation fuels corruption and greed. Those states are Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Kansas. In the last five years, total wagering, or “turnover,” on races rose from $4. how to pronounce canadian cities. S. Racing horses is a profit-driven business. The Alabama gambling age can vary between 18 and 21 years old, depending on the activity. Once the Florida tracks close, there will be only four greyhound tracks left. People may be surprised to learn that dog racing is an illegal form of gambling in a gaming Mecca like Nevada. S. Those states are Wisconsin, Connecticut, Kansas, and Oregon. The owner of a Pinellas County greyhound kennel has gone to an appeals court after a circuit judge dismissed a lawsuit stemming from a 2018 constitutional amendment that banned dog racing at Florida pari-mutuels. Illegal use of live animals to train racing greyhounds ‘Bait’ animals are tied to a mechanical lure and hurled at speed around the track while greyhounds are released to pursue and catch them. In 1990, there was nearly $1 billion bet on live dog races in Florida, one of the remaining hotbeds for the. Jiggers refer to illegal battery-powered shock devices. Arizona has just become the 40th state to make dog racing illegal!There is dog racing of greyhounds in the U. Racing as young as two-years-old, they are not even fully grown before they are thrown into a world of high stakes, physical and psychological. Those states are Wisconsin, Connecticut, Kansas, and Oregon. And despite these staggering numbers, the racing industry continues to churn out nearly 20,000 Thoroughbred foals annually. emerged in the 1920s. The allegation came from a national animal rights group that considers ending dog racing a “moral imperative”: Two of Iowa’s top greyhound breeders — including the president of the Iowa Greyhound Association and the owner of the 2018 Breeders Cup winner — were selling dogs to China for use in the illegal racing industry there. This means that races can take place, and gambling can take place on them. There are four states that do not have active racetracks, but still have laws legalizing greyhound racing. Four states, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Kansas, and Oregon, still have laws legalizing Greyhound. The bets returned a profit of $54,000. Racing horses, like any horse may, will live in stables. More than 3,000 dogs have suffered broken legs and other injuries such as crushed skulls, broken backs, paralysis and electrocutions. Horse racing is rubbish because it's got very little to do with horses actually racing. But Arizona law mandates that to offer simulcast races and off track betting, Tucson Greyhound Park has to offer live racing as well. 00: Simulcasting rules and regulations for horse racing, harness racing and dog racingHere are just five of the animal welfare concerns with horse racing: Racing exposes horses to significant risk of injury and sometimes, catastrophic injury and death through trauma (e. Horse and dog racers always cry how much they care and how they are so well treated, until they can’t make them any money. In just two states, pari. Horse racing has perhaps the most glamorous image of all so-called animal ‘sports’. Racing horses, like any horse may, will live in stables. Now Phil Ruffin is looking at a future with a greyhound park without greyhounds featuring slot machines that aren’t slots. The shocking spate of horse deaths at the famous Santa Anita racetrack outside of Los Angeles—23 over the course of three months—exposed serious safety and welfare concerns in the racing industry. t. In an email to customers this week, TVG, part of the FanDuel group, announced, “Due to an upcoming legislation. Commercial greyhound racing is illegal in 42 states. Over time, racing went from the use of just two dogs to up to eight dogs racing against each other at a time. Currently, only six states actively participate in dog racing: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Iowa, Texas, and West Virginia. It was enacted as Question 3 on the November 4, 2008 ballot in Massachusetts. In order to reestablish the State Racing -. You can make pari-mutuel wagers on horse and dog races. 00: Rules of greyhound racing ; 205 CMR 6. Recipients were told in the very first line of the report: “Greyhound racing is illegal in 39 states. These states are West Virginia, Arkansas and Iowa. are trucked to Canada and Mexico and slaughtered each year. Amendment 13 would add a new section to Article X and Article XII in the Florida. A patchwork of rules and enforcement; Thoroughbred drug violations; The New York way; Data barriers; N ew York in recent years has doled out violations for drug use in horse racing at a lower rate. m. Those states are Alabama, Connecticut, Kansas, Iowa, Texas, and Wisconsin. e. Greyhound racing is on the wane—it's now illegal in more than 42 states. Is dog racing rigged? By slowing a dog, a trainer can lengthen the odds on it. Amendment design. for gain, becoming a custodian of anything of value bet or offered to be bet. 27, and the. I have learned through media reports that a report called “High Stakes Greyhound Racing in the United States” has been circulated from a group called Grey2K USA. Racehorses are the victims of a multibillion-dollar industry that is rife with. The new section begins by affirming that the humane treatment of animals is a fundamental value of the people of the state of Florida and prohibits, after December 31, 2020, a person authorized to conduct gaming or pari-mutuel operations. Making racing illegal would put some 125 tracks out of business, and the horses that live there would face eviction. Greyhound racing is illegal in over 40 states, with only a handful of states still running Greyhound tracks. What is the fastest dog in the world 2020? A need for speed. Why we should stop greyhound racing? Racing greyhounds endure lives of confinement, are subject to. 5 billion in 1991 to approximately $500 million in 2014, according to a statistical report by the Association of Racing Commissioners. are trucked to Canada and Mexico and slaughtered each year. Fahrverkauf Ingolstadt; PreiseEvery year, thousands of young and healthy Greyhound dogs are killed merely because they lack winning potential, were injured while racing or are no longer competitive. Dog racing, once a popular sport in the United States, has undergone significant changes in recent years. It’s more than half of the total amount bet legally on. Fahrverkauf Ingolstadt; PreiseOthers argue horse racing is ethical and has been so for decades. American greyhound racing is in decline. In five states, all dog tracks have closed and ceased live racing, but a prohibitory statute has yet to be enacted. Matt Rohrbach, R-Cabell, believes greyhound. The track’s horrid conditions have earned it the reputation of the worst track in the world for greyhound welfare. According to the Animal Welfare Institute, horse meat is illegal because it is. Mainly horse. S. In 39 states, commercial dog racing is illegal. The latter two are now in the process of winding down. Horses are the most versatile sporting animal, participating on a large scale in sports besides racing and rodeos. The final race in the state will take place at Palm Beach Kennel Club on New. Amendment 13, the last constitutional amendment on the ballot,1 amends Fla. Its probably because the point of horse racing is gambling. Dog racing is now illegal in 41 states – and the two remaining tracks in Florida will soon have their last live races. The measure passed with an overwhelming 69% of the vote and phased out racing by the end of 2020, making Florida the 41st state to ban the cruel. "Dog racing" means racing in which greyhound dogs chase a mechanical lure. Gambling on horses is illegal, according to Ron Kammerzell, the senior director of enforcement for the Colorado Department of Revenue. When they are ready to retire they are put out to stud. Dog racing is only illegal in ONE state - Idaho. Although it is declining in popularity, greyhound racing remains a popular sport in many countries. Is greyhound racing a sport? Greyhound racing is a competitive ‘sport’ in which greyhounds race around an enclosed track in pursuit of a mechanical hare. This decision was driven by concerns about animal welfare and the recognition that dog racing was not aligned with the values of Scottish society. That’s too young. Read more on our . In terms of economic impact, horse racing directly accounts for $10. There are only two operational dog tracks remaining in the United States, both in West Virginia. So with all this in mind, and knowing how my family is personally connected to it, I can say yes, horse racing is animal abuse. S. In six states, all dog tracks have closed and ceased live racing, but a prohibitory statute has yet to be enacted. The prohibition on live dog racing approved on the 2008 ballot took effect in 2010, but races held in other states and countries are still regularly simulcast into Massachusetts for bettors to. Florida’s beleaguered harness racing industry is suing the state’s Division of Pari-Mutuel Wagering over the new “decoupling” law that threatens to eradicate its sport and livelihoods. Greyhounds were a beloved breed of the Egyptians. Greyhounds that have retired from racing andSince Amendment 13 was passed, many tracks already have stopped racing; the measure allows other gambling at tracks, such as card games, to continue even after dog racing ends. Currently, only eight states still allow greyhound racing- Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Mexico and Oklahoma. The industry uses a parimutuel betting tote system with on-course and off-course betting available. Is dog racing illegal in Australia? Betting on greyhound races is legal in Australia. These docile animals are kept in stacked cages. In a newly passed law to legalize sports betting is a provision to allow 1,000 “historical horse racing machines” on Ruffin’s property. pyramid games illegal. If horse racing is the sport of kings, then greyhound racing by comparison is the sport of the battler - but still involving big money. Const. But the state actually prohibits many forms of gambling such as the Lottery in order to maintain the casinos’ ascendancy. Dog racing to be started on a commercial level for the first time in India. Horse racing tracks are essential because they are places where people can come together to have fun, learn about themselves, and remember what it was like when our ancestors were growing up. Dog racing is illegal In six states, all dog tracks have closed and ceased live racing, but a prohibitory statute has yet to be enacted. An average of six dogs participate in each race and there are about eight races at each meeting. Once the Florida tracks close, there will be only four greyhound tracks left. It’s one of the only legal forms of gambling available today in the Lone Star state, alongside land-based casino gaming at. On the day of the vote in November 2018, Florida had been home to two-thirds of the nation’s dog-racing venues — with 12 of the 18 operating tracks. ” The governor was enthusiastic about putting that all to a stop. . It is illegal to bet on horse racing in the UK, but dog racing is not currently subject to the same regulations. But those are the most valuable horses alive and they are taken very good care of. In others like Iowa, state officials allowed. Mr Wolfe started betting on horse racing when he was 16. S. 7 million in fiscal 2012, a 95% reduction. ) Race dogs live in crates or pens an average of 20 hours per day. The starting gate at Suffolk Downs in East Boston, Massachusetts, in 2004. "The Greyhound Protection Act" is a federal bill that would forever eradicate the scourge of dogracing in this country. 8 million Florida voters who participated in what. This is race-fixing and is illegal. Most were men aged between 30 and 64 who had a typical yearly. Some people believe that the sport is cruel and should be outlawed, while others argue that it is a part of our heritage and should be preserved. Here are nine reasons why the Grand National – and all horse racing – is a national disgrace. 5 billion in 1991 to about $500 million in 2014. Dogs chased a “mechanical rabbit” around a track. how to pronounce canadian cities. In just two states, pari-mutuel dog racing remains legal and operational. However regulation of regional events is common. The vast majority either die from severe injuries, are deemed too slow to race, or are found unsuitable to race, and too often owners and trainers simply euthanize these dogs or even commit unsanctioned killing of the dogs as a cheap alternative to proper veterinary. Startseite; Die Bäckerei. Reminder: Unlike cockfighting and dogfighting the object of a horse race is not the death of one of the animls. . There are only two operational dog tracks remaining in the United States, both in West Virginia. That is why the same questions will never be posed about horse racing. In the last five years, total wagering, or “turnover,” on races rose from $4. intending to receive, record or forward bets or offers to bet possessing facilities to do so. It still takes some degree of knowledge. Those states are Oregon, Connecticut, Kansas, Wisconsin and Alabama. New South Wales is set to be the first Australian state to ban greyhound racing, after an inquiry found " overwhelming evidence of systemic animal cruelty, including mass. Reminder: Unlike cockfighting and dogfighting the object of a horse race is not the death of one of the animls. Code Ann. Petersburg’s Derby Lane ends for good Sunday with a 12:30 p. Dog racing is also legal in a number of states, but it is not as popular or widespread as horse racing. 5 billion in 1991 to approximately $500 million in 2014, according to a statistical report by the Association of Racing Commissioners. It provides a synopsis of South Africa’s current legal position on dog racing and the betting thereon. Amendment 13 was designed to prohibit pari-mutuel (a type of betting pool) operations from racing greyhounds or any other dogs for wagering beginning on January 1, 2021. Much of the betting at these races is called pari-mutuel wagering, and payouts come from a large pool of all the bets on a race, and are in an inverse proportion. Secondly, most jockeys never actually hit the horse. This week Colorado made history by becoming the 39th state to ban dog racing when Governor John Hickenlooper signed a bill making it illegal in the state. BREAKING NEWS! H. There were 17 tracks alone in Florida. . is coming to an end Concerns about the dogs’ welfare and declining betting revenue have led tracks across the country to close in. 3-billion racing industry. The other reason Greyhounds wear muzzles when racing may surprise you. Shockingly, greyhound racing is promoted as a ‘ family friendly ’ activity, exposing and desensitising the next generation to gambling and animal abuse. In only 5 states, pari-mutuel hound racing stays lawful and operational. emerged in the 1920s. Horse racing, dog racing or betting on sporting events are those most frequently and specifically banned. The odds are stacked against horses in the racing industry. Greyhound racing is a sport in the United Kingdom. His agency oversees some 1,400 pages of racing regulations. “Greyhound racing isn’t a sport,” Sen. S. The muzzle can therefore help prevent potential injuries in these valuable animals. Animals Feature The era of greyhound racing in the U. The other reason Greyhounds wear muzzles when racing may surprise you. Greyhounds used for racing […]Meaning, that just by virtue of being a thoroughbred on a racetrack, you are medicated. In 2018, Florida voters approved an amendment that made wagering on dog racing in the state illegal, effectively banning the sport. Greyhound racing was illegal for some years, until Florida lawmakers passed a bill in 1931. Greyhound racing. Horse Racing Drugs -Illegal vs. Simulcast wagering on horse and dog races resumed Thursday afternoon and live horse races scheduled for Friday, Saturday and Sunday will be run as planned. 1. The last greyhound track closed its doors in May 2016. The enlargement of the horse racing industry has also made the stakes for money in the winning a much bigger deal for owners which means they will do most anything to win. Gamblers across America wagered $6. Here’s a look at some of the new rules: AMENDMENT 13 – DOG RACING REACHES FINISH LINE. In order to reestablish the State Racing - Commission, “the Legislature must pass an act accomplishing this goal. Various types of injuries are regularly reported including serious bone fractures and muscle injuries. Do Greyhounds enjoy racing? 3. FAST FACTS ON AMENDMENT 13: Amendment 13 “phases out commercial dog racing” in the state by the year 2020. As far as trying to conflate the 24 hour news cycle, crime and racism with horse. One significant change in the new rules is the substantial increase in out-of-competition testing. Bikejoring: A biking sport where cyclists ride on trails with one to two dogs pulling in front. 3. Constitution because the measure prohibits wagering on dog racing and not horse racing. matinee. Dog racing is illegal. Ruffin said in a phone interview with The Wichita Beacon. 00: Harness horse racing ; 205 CMR 4. The dogs in racing are forced to run long distances and often experience extreme. An image taken from the final day. Tallahassee. Dog racing is illegal Those states are Oregon, Connecticut, Kansas, Texas, Wisconsin and Alabama. While Horse racing in Palio di Legnano 2013. As recently as 2000, there were 45 dog tracks running in the U. Horse racing is just wrong. The amendment adds the following language to the state’s. The lawsuit argued that Amendment 13 violates equal protection rights under the U. e. In conclusion, as of 2018, there are only six countries that allow greyhound racing – Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. Published: January 1, 2022 1:27 pm Dog racing, which is almost exclusively greyhound racing in the U. 1. Some adults like horse racing because they can place bets on the horses and win. In 2018, Florida voters approved an amendment that made wagering on dog racing in the state illegal, effectively banning the sport. Others argue that horse racing is not really cruel because the horses usually don’t suffer very. Fahrverkauf Ingolstadt; Preise This means that races can take place, and gambling can take place on them. how to pronounce canadian cities. The controversial dog racing sport is legal in Kansas, but there are no active tracks. Etc Racehorses are very expensive, so most owners have only a couple and pay them a lot of individual attention. Controlled Substances . Is horse racing illegal in Kentucky? These trips are made necessary because Kentucky is one of 27 states that does not allow sports betting within its borders. Tony Cárdenas, the bill’s lead sponsor, criticized the treatment of the dogs. Is greyhound racing a cruel sport? Racing greyhounds endure lives of confinement, are subject to standard practices that are cruel and suffer injuries and even death. This is not an exhaustive list, but it covers the most common drugs that are banned for racing horses. Saved Stories. Steve Farley, D-Tucson, said during debate earlier this year, calling it “a cruel practice that’s like one step above dog fighting. Dog racing has indeed been prohibited in New South Wales (NSW). 9 million in wagers in fiscal year 2019-20, a 29-percent drop from the $191. 9. The dogs in racing are forced to run long distances and often experience extreme exhaustion, dehydration, and heatstroke. This is race-fixing and is illegal. An estimated 10,000 “unprofitable” or simply unwanted Thoroughbreds from the U. Racing greyhounds are not commonly kept as companion animals. Greyhound racing is an organized, competitive sport in which greyhounds are raced around a track. S. Read more and. Which states do not allow horse racing? States That Have Banned Online Horse BettingIt was in 1939 that the Grand Canyon State became one of the first to legalize greyhound racing. Contact Horse Racing. Those states are Connecticut, Oregon, Wisconsin, and Kansa. The effort continues to enjoy the support of the Coalition for Horse Racing Integrity (CHRI), which includes The Jockey Club, the Breeders Cup, Keeneland Racecourse, the New York Racing. Those states are Connecticut, Oregon, Wisconsin, and Kansa. horse meat is unfit for human consumption because of the uncontrolled administration of hundreds of dangerous drugs and other substances to horses before slaughter. However, with public opinion against the sport continuing to grow and new laws being enacted that ban or restrict greyhound racing across the country, it is likely that this number will decrease in the near. The two primary reasons Greyhounds wear muzzles when racing are: When Greyhounds race they get extremely stimulated and aroused. is coming to an end Concerns about the dogs’ welfare and declining betting revenue have led tracks across the country to close in. In just three states, pari-mutuel dog racing remains legal and operational. § 39. Kentucky does, however, allow pari-mutuel wagering, which is why betting on horse racing and historical horse racing slot machines is legal. ©Animal Aid. It has also been revealed that racing dogs suffer practically 5,000 injuries a year, meaning one in every 3 racing dogs. e. Pros and cons of horse racing. S. There’s a reason why the sport persists today. Joe T. Is there still dog racing in the United States? Dog racing is illegal. Then, once it has been categorised as a long shot, the dog can run without drugs, vastly increasing its chances of winning. Is horse racing illegal? Horse racing was exempted when the federal government enacted the anti-gambling act in 2006. There are currently three active greyhound racetracks in the United States. 9 min read. The two primary reasons Greyhounds wear muzzles when racing are: When Greyhounds race they get extremely stimulated and aroused. Once the horse is sold it's not they're problem but they even go to the extremity to blur the tattoo under. The latter two are now in the process of winding down. When the prize money raises so does the. Illegal: Today, the only states that still allow greyhound racing and have active tracks are Alabama, Arkansas, Iowa, Texas and West Virginia There are four states that do not have active racetracks, but still have laws legalizing greyhound racing. It's because the dogs are far more exploited than the horses and they are given a lowered quality of life. You can also participate in charitable games and social gambling that do not bring a profit to the player or host. A growing number of people believe that greyhound racing should be banned for several reasons. Greyhounds are at a disadvantage even before they are born. Dog Agility: A handler will lead a dog through an obstacle course, trying to complete all the obstacles perfectly and quickly. Although it is declining in popularity, greyhound racing remains a popular sport in many countries. Siebenbürgische Spezialitäten Erzeugnisse aus der Heimat nach original Rezepten. S. Illegal drugs used in horse racing is an even bigger problem, as both the horse and the jockey are in play. Pens and kennels have been found to be squalid. His lifetime earnings of $3. Five tracks were built and operated over the years, but only “TGP” remained.